контрольное задание 1, вариант 1

выполнены упражнения в соответствии с заданиями

I. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните инфинитив или инфинитивные обороты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.   To realize the idea it was necessary to get special equipment.

2.   Scientists of the past thought electricity to be a sort of “fluid”.

3.   Electricity is found to be made up of tiny particles.

4.   Now we know these particles to be electrons.

5.   Electricity is known to flow through the wire.

6.   We consider scientists to do their best to make our lives better and happier.

II. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните причастие. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.   They thought of it as “rays” or “stream” that passed from the rubbed material.

2.   Working in the fields of electricity he made main experiments.

3.   The law discovered by Ohm found a wide application.

4.   There were many scientists working in the field of electricity.

5.   Having rubbed a piece of amber we can see it attract light objects.

6.   Experiments showed that all gases expand when heated.

III. Переведите письменно следующие препозитивные атрибутивные словосочетания.

1.low-voltage motors fuses

2.transmission line

3.energy conversion

4.underground cable

5.glass insulator

6.radio-frequency signals

7.aircraft and ship construction

IV. Прочтите и письменно переведите текст. Выполните задания, данные после него.

Early history of electricity

1. The story of the discovery of electricity is connected with the name of Thales, the Greek philosopher. The story goes that the day Thales rubbed a piece of amber against his sleeve and found that it attracted small bits of dried leaves. After further experimenting he concluded that this attractive force was a property that amber alone possessed. He called this phenomenon “electricity” because the Greek word for amber was electron.

2. Thales’ great discovery remained a curiosity for more than two thousand years. Then many other substances were found to have this curious property of electricity too. Naturally the people of the past had no idea of what electricity was. They thought of it as “rays” or “stream” that passed from the rubbed material. There were scientists who thought electricity to be a sort “fluid” that flowed through wires as water flows through pipes. Later many of them found out that electricity was made of tiny particles of some kind. In this way they tried to separate electricity into individual particles. Now we know these electric particles to be electrons.

3. When a large number of electrons break away from their atoms and move through the wire, we describe this action by saying that electricity is flowing through the wire and the electrical “fluid” that scientists of the past talked about is nothing else than electrons flowing along a wire. A lot of scientists worked in the field of electricity doing their best to make the life of people good and happy.

V. Выберите предложения, которые соответствуют содержанию текста.

1.   Thales could explain the nature of electricity.

2.   Many scientists of the past considered electricity as a sort of “fluid”.

3.   Amber possesses the property of attracting forces after rubbing. Electricity is made up of tiny particles which are called protons. We know many scientists to have worked in the field of electricity.

4.   Electricity is a flow of electrons along a wire.

VI. На какой вопрос есть ответ в тексте.

1.   In what century did Thales live?

2.    What is electricity?

3.   What application does it find in our life?

4.   What is the structure of an atom?

VII. Составьте и напишите план текста.

VIII. Найдите эквиваленты. Выучите их.

1.   property a)провод

2.   phenomenon b)открытие

3.  amber c)свойство

4. particle d)наука

5. wire e)янтарь

6. science f)частица

7. discovery g)явление