Контрольная работа 1, вариант 4

выполнены упражнения согласно заданиям варианта, точный текст заданий ниже

Упражнение 1. Глаголы to be и to have

Перепишите предложения, поставив глаголы to be и to have в указанную видовременную форму. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The high-speed Tokaido mainline in Japan be 553 km long and have the 1,435 mm gauge.(Present Simple)

2. From the early 19th century until the 1950s, steam locomotives be the dominant form of motive power on Britain's railways. (Past Simple)

3. All underground stations have the same size: 6 m high, 100 m long and 18 m wide. (Present Simple)

4. The trains be late today because of track repair. (Future Simple)

5. The first railways have no track ballast and wooden rails were laid on heavy stone blocks. (Past Simple) 

Упражнение 2. Оборот There is / are

Составьте

предложения из двух частей (A-B) и переведите их на русский язык.

A 1. There is 2. There are no 3. There was 4. There were 5. There will be

B

a) curves and steep gradients on the Paris-Lyon high-speed route.

b) a considerable increase in passenger traffic during the summer months as a rule.

c) two powered car and eight intermediate cars on the new commuter train.

d) one case of a freight train derailment on a section of line at Bexley, Britain.

e) only two locomotives available for use on the Stockton-Darlington public railway in 1825.

Упражнение 3. Притяжательный падеж существительных

А. Перефразируйте следующие словосочетания по модели, употребляя притяжательный падеж, и переведите их на русский язык. 

1. the economic and social development of every country

2. the driving wheels of the locomotives

3. the profit of the railway company

4. riding qualities of vehicles

5. the braking distance of the freight train

6. the strike of the railway men 

Б. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык.

1. The engine driver is responsible for the passengers' and goods' safety.

2. Approximately 60 per cent of the world's railways are built to standard gauge - 4 feet 8 1/2 inches.

3. Russian Railways' fleet of rolling stock includes more than 19,000 locomotives and about 670,000 freight and passenger cars. 

Упражнение 4. Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий

А. Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степень следующих прилагательных по модели. Переведите их на русский язык. 

simple, bad, expensive, early, fast, efficient, slow

Б. Перепишите предложения и переведите их. Подчеркните прилагательные и наречия в сравнительной или превосходной степени. Укажите степень сравнения.

1. Diesel and electric locomotives are environmentally safer, more efficient and require less maintenance than steam locomotives.

2. Semaphore was the most common signaling device on the worlds' railways up to 1950s.

3. The top train speed on the West Coast Mainline is 77mph but there are a lot of sections where the speed is lower because of curves and steep gradients.

4. The Tokaido Shinkansen is not only the world's fastest and most advanced but also one of the busiest railways.

5. George Westinghouse invented air brakes that made travel by train much safer.

В. Заполните пропуски, выбрав один из предложенных вариантов.

1. The gauge on the Russian railways is ___ than that in the European countries.

a) narrower b) thicker c) smaller d) wider

2. The main purpose of CTC is to prevent accidents and to make railway operation faster, ___ and efficient.

a) more reliable b) quicker c) less secure d) more difficult

3. The rail joint is ___ part of the track because the rails wear out first at the ends.

a) the thinnest b) the weakest c) the strongest d) the busiest

4. The box car is considered to be ___ type of a covered car.

a) more common b) the most common  c) less common d) the least common

5. Electric trains are lighter, cleaner, cheaper, quieter and ___ to accelerate than diesel trains.

a) more faster b) more fast c) the fastest d) faster

6. The electrified railway lines allow more trains to be run ___ and more quickly.

a) more rapidly b) more considerably c) more efficiently d) more carefully

7. In the Unites States, railway passengers can buy tickets either at the station or on the train at a ___ fare.

a) taller b) higher c) fairer d) lighter

8. The Novocherkassk 17,838hp 4E5K locomotive is ___ in the world.

a) more powerful b) less powerful c) the least powerful d) the most powerful

9. Union Pacific Railroad and BNSF Railway are among the ___ freight railroad networks in the world.

a) largest b) broadest c) remotest d) highest

10. While train travel in the US is often ___ than in other countries, Amtrak offers a USA Rail Pass that allows travelers to save on tickets.

a) the cheapest b) more expensive c) slower d) more frequent 

Упражнение 5. Времена групп Simple, Continuous, Perfect в действительном залоге

А. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Подчеркните в каждом из них сказуемое и укажите его видовременную форму по модели. Обратите внимание на то, что в предложении может быть несколько сказуемых.

1. The project of railway reconstruction involves strengthening of the track structure and modernization of the overhead contact system.

2. The first section of the London Underground opened in 1863.The newspapers reported that on the inaugural day, the trains had carried about 40,000 passengers. And within six months 26,000 people were travelling by the Underground every day.

3. Trains will be running at a reduced speed until 6 p.m. on Wednesday due to the heavy snowdrifts.

4. The Spanish company Talgo has designed cars with variable gauge axles from the Russian gauge of 1,520 mm to the European gauge of 1,435 mm. 

Б. Перепишите предложения, поставив глагол в указанную видовременную форму. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

  1. The driver of a road vehicle must stop at the level crossing if warning signals indicate a train (to approach – Present Continuous Active).

2. The stationmaster (to say – Past Simple Active) that no trains (to arrive - Past Perfect Active) at the station during the night due to the heavy snowstorm in the mountains.

3. Israel Railways (to order – Present Perfect Active) three 4-car double-decker trains from Bombardier Transportation at a cost of 16 million euro.

4. This high speed train (to proceed – Future Simple Active) to its destination without stopping.

5. Russia (to rank – Present Simple Active) second in the world, after the USA, in the length of the railway network. 

Упражнение 6. Порядок слов в общих и специальных вопросах

Перепишите предложения. К каждому предложению задайте по два вопроса: общий и специальный. Специальные вопросы начинайте с вопросительных слов, данных в скобках. 

1. Commuter trains depart from Victoria Station every hour. (Как часто?)

2. The train was running half an hour behind time due to the accident on the level crossing. (Почему?)

3. The railways have played an important role in the development of industries and agriculture in India. (Где?)

4. The first US railroad, the Baltimore and Ohio, began operation in 1827. (Когда?)

5. Nowadays, the US railways are transporting only 0.6 per cent of passengers. (Сколько?) 

Упражнение 7. Текст

А. Прочитайте текст, устно переведите его на русский язык и письменно выполните послетекстовые упражнения.

EGYPTIAN NATIONAL RAILWAYS

Egyptian National Railways (ENR) is a state-owned railway company of the Arab Republic of Egypt.

As early as 1833, Pasha Mohammad Ali consulted with Thomas Gallway about building a railway between Suez and Cairo to facilitate freight and passenger transportation between Europe and India. The project was abandoned due to pressure by the French who had an interest in building a canal instead. The Suez Canal was completed in 1869. After Mohamed Ali's death, Abbas I contracted with Robert Stephenson to link Alexandria and Cairo by rail. The first section of this railway between Alexandria and Kafer Eassa was opened in 1854, and the line was completed two years later. It was the first railroad in Africa and in the Middle East... 

Б. Перепишите следующие фразы и выпишите из текста их английские эквиваленты.

1. государственная железнодорожная компания

2. перевозка грузов и пассажиров

3. первый участок этой железной дороги

4. самый большой разводной мост

5. стандартная ширина колеи

6. большая часть железнодорожной сети

7. поезда пригородного сообщения

8. плата за проезд в пассажирских поездах третьего класса

9. поезда дальнего следования со спальными вагонами, оборудованные климатическими установками

10. скоростной поезд повышенной комфортности 

В. Перепишите следующие вопросы и КРАТКО ответьте на них в соответствии с содержанием текста.

1. Is Egyptian National Railways the private railway company of Egypt?

2. Did Pasha Mohammad Ali consult with Thomas Gallway about building a railway between Cairo and India in 1833?

3. Was the project of building a railway abandoned because the French wanted to build a canal instead?

4. Were Alexandria and Cairo connected by rail in 1854?

5. Does the El Ferdan Railway Bridge cross the Suez Canal?

6. Are there narrow-gauge railroads in Egypt?

7. Do many lines radiate from Cairo?

8. Are the vast majority of locomotives electric-driven?

9. Does ENR purchase carriages abroad?

10. Do air-conditioned passenger trains usually consist of the 1st and 2nd class carriages?