Контрольная работа, Вариант 2

выполнены упражнения согласно заданиям варианта, точный текст заданий 

I. Перепишите и переведите предложения. Выпишите сказуемые и укажите их видовременные формы.

1. The locomotive was moving at a high speed when the engine driver saw that the line had been damaged.

2. When we came to the station the train had already arrived, and the passengers were hurrying to occupy their seats in the cars.

3. The bridge will be used for the movement of both road and railway traffic.

II. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление модальных глаголов. Подчеркните модальные глаголы в английских предложениях и в переводе.

1. The dispatcher can communicate with the loco driver (машинист) over long distances by means of a radiotelephone.

2. A wagon must be cleaned before it will be used for another run.

3. Passengers should not walk across the railway lines; there is a footbridge at the end of the platform.

III. Образуйте от данных глаголов две формы Participle I. Полученные причастия переведите на русский язык.

Model: to install - a) installing - устанавливающий, устанавливая;

b) having installed - установив.

1) to offer; 2) to attend; 3) to bring; 4) to discover; 5) to find; 6) to do; 7) to say; 8) to obtain; 9) to deliver; 10) to shut; 11) to ring; 12) to light; 13) to reduce; 14) to depart; 15) to implement.

IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление Participle I. Подчеркните причастия I в английских предложениях и в переводе.

1. All the trains operating on the suburban lines are driven by electricity.

2. Each railway station has at least two tracks, those for the incoming and outcoming trains.

3. The number and the spacing of the sleepers depend on the weight of trains passing over the track.

V. Образуйте Participle II от глаголов, данных в скобках. Полученные словосочетания переведите.

Model: a (to write) article – a written article – написанная статья.

 1) a locomotive (to power) by electricity; 2) a (to delay) flight; 3) a (to break) engine; 4) a report (to type) in duplicate; 5) a (to carry out) plan; 6) a (to suspend) bridge; 7) a contract (to sign) by 2 companies; 8) mistakes (to make) in calculations; 9) the (to develop) countries; 10) railway tickets (to sell) yesterday.

VI. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление Participle II. Подчеркните причастия II в английских предложениях и в переводе.

1. The first steam locomotive built by G. Stephenson could draw a small train of loaded cars at a speed of thirteen miles per hour.

2. The engine designed by Rudolf Diesel is one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century.

3. The new materials recommended for bridge construction were described in the article written by our professor.

VII. Перепишите и переведите текст.

 Train Operation

  Accidents which took place on the railways in the early days made specialists devise a great number of systems and devices in order to ensure the safe operation of trains and to simplify the task of directing train movements. One of the ways to facilitate the problem of train operation is that all railroads, except the very short ones, are divided into sections or divisions operated just as a small railroad. The train with a long run is operated over many divisions and may change locomotives and crews several times in the course of its journey.

A railroad runs two principal kinds of trains: regular trains and extra trains. A regular train is a scheduled train, i. e. a train listed on the railroad time-table. Regular trains are all numbered. An extra train is not scheduled in the time-table; special trains, work trains and wreck trains are examples of extra trains.

The list of times at which a regular train is to arrive at and leave a station is known as the train's schedule. The printed schedules of the regular trains form the time-table.

The making of a time-table is the most complicated job in the operating business.

In order to make up a time-table many factors must be taken into account.

The fact is that the railways make up different time-tables for the summer and for the winter service and that the weekday time-table is not the same as that of Saturday and Sunday. Besides, one should not forget that express trains and slow local trains have to run on the same tracks. And it is these tracks which are also used by freight trains, whether they are slow or fast, diesel-powered or electrically operated.

Having taken into account these and many other factors one may get an idea what difficulties are encountered when making a time-table. Besides the making of time-tables the operating business also includes the making of separate working programmes for locomotives and train crews, the planning of regular switching operations and so on. In other words, the operating business comprises all the problems connected with the safe and efficient operation of trains, whether passenger or freight.

VIII. Ответьте на общие вопросы в соответствии с содержанием текста.

 1. Did railway accidents of the early days make specialists devise a great number of safety systems and devices?

2. Are all railroads divided into sections or divisions operated just as a small railroad?

3. Regular trains are not scheduled in the time-table, aren't they?

4. Must many factors be taken into account in order to make up a time-table?

5. What are examples of extra trains?

6. The train's schedule is the list of times at which a regular train arrives at and leaves a station, isn't it?

7. Is the making of a time-table the most or least complicated job in the operating business?

8. Do railways make up different time-tables for the summer and for the winter service?

9. Do express trains and slow local trains run on the same tracks?

10. Does the operating business comprise all the problems connected with the safe and efficient operation of trains?