Контрольная работа 3, вариант 1

выполнены упражнения согласно заданиям варианта, точный текст заданий ниже

I. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление времён групп Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect в действительном и страдательном залогах. Выпишите сказуемые и укажите их видовременные формы.

1. He appeared on the platform just as the train was pulling out. 2. The construction of the first railway lines in Japan was guided by English engineers. Locomotives and cars were all imported from England too. 3. New freight transportation rates have been recently introduced in this country. 4. Air-conditioning system in a railway car ensures a constant supply of fresh air in hot weather and heating the entire saloon in cold weather. 5. The construction of new railway lines is always preceded by long and thorough surveying work.

II. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление эквивалентов модальных глаголов (to be allowed to; to be able to; to be to; to have to). Подчеркните эквиваленты модальных глаголов в английских предложениях и в переводе.

1. Thanks to wide doors in Metro cars, passengers are able to get on and off the carriage quickly. 2. In England, the speed of the first cars was not to surpass four miles per hour. 3. According to the customs regulations passengers are not allowed to carry more than ten packs of cigarettes. 4. You will have to change trains because there is no through train to Manchester. 5. The suitcase was so heavy that Robert had to change it from hand to hand all the time.

 III. Выберите английский эквивалент русского предложения из трёх данных вариантов. Обращайте внимание на перевод модальных глаголов и их эквивалентов.

1. Нам пришлось взять такси. 

a)  We had to take a taxi. b) We are to take a taxi. c) We were able to take a taxi.

2. Он не смог принять участие в конференции. 

a) He was not to take part in the conference. b) He should not take part in the conference. c) He was not able to take part in the conference.

3. Она не умеет водить машину.

a)  She can drive a car. b) She cannot drive a car. c) She may not drive a car.

4. Роберт должен уехать в Лондон сегодня вечером.

a) Robert was to leave for London tonight. b) Robert is to leave for London tonight. c) Robert is allowed to leave for London tonight.

5. Ты сможешь проводить меня?

a)  Will you be able to see me off? b) Will you be allowed to see me off? c) Should you see me off?

IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление герундия в разных функциях.

1. Using special mechanical devices for loading and unloading freight cars at the railway station results in reducing hard manual labor. 2. Diesel locos are capable of working for a long time without refueling. 3. The cost of transporting passengers and goods can be reduced by means of increasing the length and weight of trains. 4. The plane was late because it had to make a forced landing. 5. On entering the compartment a man introduced himself to his fellow travelers.

V. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на разные функции слов с окончанием -ing.

1. The government can regulate monopolies controlling the prices of products. 2. Reducing our imports, we decrease the exports of others. 3. When working out the project of the Moscow Metro, the Russian engineers made a careful study of the existing systems abroad. 4. Stopping fuel supply caused serious trouble in the engine. 5. In Russia, many people had doubts about the possibility of using steam engines in the Russian winter.

VI. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на разные функции слов с окончанием -ed.

1. The ideas of Adam Smith have been studied by economists for over 200 years. 2. Refrigerator cars are widely used for carrying perishable goods. 3. When heated, a magnet loses some of its magnetism. 4. The steam locomotive called the Rocket designed by G. Stephenson drew a 20-ton train 35 miles in 2 hours. 5. The company has achieved great success in the international market.

VII. Перепишите и переведите данные словосочетания, обращая внимание на правила перевода определений, выраженных существительными.

1)  the traffic speed increase; 2) the railway bridge upgrading; 3) the standard length rails; 4)  the steam engine invention; 5) an internal combustion engine; 6) the express train departure time; 7) the passenger coach repair; 8) the engine breakdown; 9) the local press reports; 10) the environment protection.

VIII. Перепишите предложения, употребив сказуемые , данные в скобках, в отрицательной форме. Полученные предложения переведите.

1. I was in such hurry this morning that I (had) time to phone you. 2. We (shall miss) the train if we take a taxi. 3. I (know) how to handle this machine. 4. Electricity has many useful properties: it (generates) by-products and (contaminates) the environment. 5. There (was) railway between the two cities and we took a bus to get from one to the other. 6. I should like to buy a new car but I (can afford) it now. 7. The first steam locomotive (moved) at a speed of 120 km/h.

IX. Перепишите и переведите текст.

BANKS AND MONEY

 Banks are closely connected with the flow of money into and out of the economy. They often cooperate with the government in their inflation. They are specialists in the business of providing capital, and allocating funds on credit. Banks originated as places to which people took their valuables for safekeeping, but today the great banks of the world have many functions in addition to acting as guardians of valuable private possessions.

Banks normally receive money from their customers in the forms: on current account and on deposit account. With a current account a customer can issue personal checks. No interest is paid by the bank on this type of account. With a deposit account, however, the customer undertakes to leave his money in the bank for a minimum specified period of time. Interest is paid on this money. The bank in its turn lends the deposited money to customers who need capital. This activity earns interest for the bank, and this interest is almost always at a higher rate than any interest, which the bank pays to its depositors. In this way the bank makes its main profit.

The primary function of a bank today is to act as an intermediary between depositors who wish to make interest on their savings, and borrowers who wish to obtain capital. The bank is a reservoir of creditable money with streams of money flowing in and out.