Контрольная по английскому

Вариант 2
Задание 1. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого (см. образец). Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The market for cars is being more and more saturated.
is being saturated - Present Continuous Passive
2. The full range of goods is normally displayed in the company's catalogue.
is displayed - Present Indefinite Passive
3. The profitability and risk of a firm's operations are affected by financial decisions.
are affected - Present Indefinite Passive
4. The information about financial position of the company has already been published.
has been published - Present Indefinite Passive
Задание 2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one,
1. There exist direct channels of distribution and indirect ones.
2. The risk in the sole proprietorship is greater than that in other forms of business.
3. One shouldn't confuse the financial power of some large corporations with the market power.
4. It is due to independent auditing that one can get reliable information about financial position of a company.
Задание 3. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод условных предложений.
1. If we sell our products at reduced prices, our market share will increase.
2. If we had installed the equipment, we would have become more competitive.
3. Unless we reach break-even point within six month, we will have to ask for another bank loan.
4. If would be difficult to recover partner's share in case he or she wants to retire.
Задание 4. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.
1. The commodities the consumers buy are considerably influenced by the retailer.
2. New recruits can quickly acquire the skills they will need.
3. It is important for the banker whether the loan is in cash or in the form of a deposit.
Задание 5. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.
1. There are a number of ways to be followed to achieve the desired objective.
2. In order to be profitable the retailing should be well organized.
3. To enter this market requires a lot of hard work.
4. They were the first to realize the importance of acquiring a new strategy in marketing.
Задание 6. Прочитайте и переведите письменно 3-й и 4-й абзацы текста.
Notes
due to - благодаря
to settle the debts - оплачивать долги
subject to - подлежать
federal corporation taxes - федеральные корпоративные налоги
to recover (зд.) - получить обратно
Forms of Business Ownership
1. Business is a commercial enterprise performing all those functions that govern the production, distribution, and sale of goods and services for the benefit of the buyer and the profit of the seller.
Since the beginning of the era of economic progress the ways of conducting business have been modified, and new forms of business organization have been introduced. These three main forms of business are the sole proprietorship, the partnership and the corporation.
2. A sole proprietorship is a business owned by one person who is responsible for the success and the failure of the business. Its main disadvantage is unlimited liability. It is due to unlimited liability that all the personal assets of the owner including home and car can be sold to settle the debts of the business.
3. A partnership is an association of two or more persons to carry on a business for profit. The agreement the partners usually sign to form an association is known as a partnership contract. Like the sole proprietorship, the partnership is easy to establish, and its profits are not subject to federal corporation taxes. It is known that partnerships have more advantages than sole proprietorships. The partnerships have some disadvantages too. One is unlimited liability of each partner for the debts of the business. That is, complete financial responsibility for losses. If one of the partners wanted to retire, it would be difficult to recover his investments. Furthermore, it would lead to dissolving the partner's contract.
4. A business corporation is an institution established for the purpose of making profit. It is operated by individuals, whose shares of ownership are represented by stock certificates. Though the corporation is more difficult and costly to organize, it has a number of advantages. First, the personal liability of investors is limited by the amount of money they have invested. If a corporation goes bankrupt, they will lose no more than they have invested in it. Salaries paid to the managers of large corporations are higher than those in the partnerships.
5. It is double taxation of profits that is one of the major disadvantages of the corporate form of ownership. It means that business corporations have to pay taxes on their net income, and then the shareholders are to pay taxes on the income they receive in the form of dividends. In conclusion, one can say that it is the corporation that has become the dominant business form in most countries with free market economy.
Задание 7. Прочитайте 5-й абзац и ответьте письменно на следующий вопрос:
What is the main business form in most countries?