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УЧЕБНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ✅

• Введение в курс
• Тема 1. What is Law? (Что такое закон?)
• Тема 2. Law and Values. (Закон и ценности.)
• Тема 3. Consumer Law (Закон о правах потребителя)
• Тема 4. How Laws Protect the Consumer. (Как законы защищают потребителя.)
• Итоговая аттестация

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1. Susan is an Asian-American. She wanted to continue her studies at a local public college but her application was rejected. Susan has grounds to suppose that it was because of her ethnic origin. She filed suit against the college. What law is applied in such a case?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

• It is Constitutional law because it the constitutional rights were violated
• It is International law because Susan is an Asian-American
• It is Constitutional law as it can be applied to any cases

2. Rachel buys a commercial welding machine for her building business. A few weeks later, it breaks down. Can Rachel get a remedy from the store he bought it from?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

• No, she can’t. The Consumer Guarantees Act only applies to products and services that are usually for household or personal use
• No, she can’t. The period for return / refund is 1 week
• Yes, she can. The Consumer Guarantees Act applies to all products and services

3. You are a lawyer. In Liza’s electronics shop in the Russia Federation Ivan buys an expensive TV-set. Three weeks after the 12-month manufacturer’s warranty expires, the TV-set stops working. Must Liza give Ivan a remedy?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

☆ Yes, she must. Although the warranty has expired, a customer can expect an expensive product to last a reasonable amount of time before any faults or problems appear

☆ No, she doesn’t have to. The warranty has expired, a customer can’t expect any remedies

☆ It depends on the defect. Ivan is entitled to a free TV-set examination

4. Judy owns a clothing retail store. One of her customers returns a T-shirt because it doesn’t fit her. Does Judy have to give her customer a different size or a refund?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

☆ No, she doesn’t. Retailers aren’t responsible if a customer has a change of mind or circumstances. Judy may think of more flexible exchange policies to foster better customer relationships

☆ Yes, she does. Retailers are totally responsible if a customer has a change of mind or circumstances

☆ Yes, she does. Retailers are responsible if a customer has a change of mind or circumstances. Judi must order a new T-shirt that may fit the customer

5. The distinction between Public and Private Law is a purely academic debate, nevertheless, it also affects legal practice. There are areas of law, which may not fit into distinction of Public or Private Law. Study the following case: An employment inspector investigates workplace safety, checking all the equipment. The inspector investigates workplace incidents, and conducts workplace inspections to evaluate compliance. Decide whether it falls into the category of Public or Private law.

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

• It falls in the category of Private law as considers the interests of the individuals
• It falls in the category of Public law as considers the interests of the society
• It falls in the category of Public and Private law as considers the interest of the society and the individuals

6. Mary had therapy sessions. She found out that the psychologist sent copies of her case notes to the insurance carrier responsible for reimbursement and that therapist should not have revealed this information. Client reported psychologist to the APA Ethics Committee for violating confidentiality principles. Psychologist explained to Ethics Committee that any client understands that their confidentiality may be breached when using an insurance company for third-party reimbursement due to administrative and professional peer review. Nonetheless, psychologist never informed client of this risk before therapy began, rather, he assumed client “must understand” the protocol. Think of the Ethics Committee adjudication.

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

☆ The Ethics Committee determined that psychologist didn’t violate the confidentiality ethical standard by not informing client of the limits of confidentiality prior to treatment

☆ The Ethics Committee determined that psychologist violated the confidentiality ethical standard by not informing client of the limits of confidentiality prior to treatment

☆ The Ethics Committee determined that psychologist didn’t violate the confidentiality ethical standard as there is non-confidentiality prior to treatment

7. Susan buys a cup of coffee and accidentally spills it at Kate’s bar. What must Kate do to fix the problem?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

• Replace the drink as businesses are responsible for problems or faults caused by a customer after purchase
• Provide a discount for one more drink. Businesses are partially responsible for problems or faults caused by a customer after purchase
• Nothing. Businesses aren’t responsible for problems or faults caused by a customer after purchase

8. Analyze the following case: Therapist sent a third billing notice to a slow-to- pay client’s fax machine in her office but client did not report to work that day. The bill was titled “psychological services rendered” and handwritten in large print was “Third Notice – OVERDUE!!” with client’s name. This notice sat in an open access mail tray of the busy office all day. Was is reasonable? Is it allowed to send private material in such a manner?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

☆ Therapist could have failed to know that many people have access to the fax machine in a busy place of business. Private material should not be faxed unless it is known that the intended recipient will be retrieving the information

☆ Therapist could use any address provided by the client. Private material should be faxed or send by e-mail

☆ Therapist should have known that many people have access to the fax machine in a busy place of business. Private material should not be faxed unless it is known that the intended recipient will be retrieving the information

9. … is the condition of being free of restraints, especially the ability to act without control or interference by another or by circumstance 

10. Put the steps of the consumer decision making process in the appropriate order:

Тип ответа: Сортировка

☆ problem recognition

☆ search process

☆ evaluating alternatives

☆ selection stage

☆ evaluation of decision

11. Arrange the following acts chronologically:

Тип ответа: Сортировка

• Product Liability Directive
• Unfair Commercial Practices Directive
• Consumer Rights Directive
• Revised Payment Services Directive 

12. … is usually connected with what is believed to be right or wrong, with human moral principles or values

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

• Law
• Rules
• Morality

13. Arrange the sources of law according to their importance (start with the least important):

Тип ответа: Сортировка

☆ Ordinances

☆ Ministerial regulations

☆ Government Regulations

☆ Statutes

☆ Constitution

14. A legal … is the legal condition of a person who is required or forbidden by the law to perform an act

15. The … Code and the Consumer Protection Law contain a number of provisions by which manufacturers may incur liability for loss or damage suffered by the consumers of their products

16. Arrange the following areas of law chronologically according to their appearance:

Тип ответа: Сортировка

• Ancient Egyptian Law
• Roman law
• Canon law
• African law

17. Law creates not only …, but also justifications for people to behave in a certain way (lawful behaviour)

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

☆ duties

☆ liabilities

☆ restrictions

18. … is firm adherence to a code of especially moral or artistic values

19. Arrange the actions according to the order in which the goods are returned:

Тип ответа: Сортировка

• verify if the return date has not expired
• create a request to return a product
• specify the reason for the return
• attach an image of the product to the request
• enter your bank card details

20. The functions of Rospotrebnadzor’s officials are to … (choose 2 correct answers)

Тип ответа: Множественный выбор

• collect samples of products to conduct analysis
• attend premises used by the manufacturer to conduct the necessary inspections and control
• initiate only administrative proceedings and adjudicate administrative cases regarding consumer protection
• urge manufacturers to start any violation of consumer rights and obligatory requirements established by law

21. The EU legislation provides for some consumer protection or regulates the power of national authorities to introduce consumer protection …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

☆ treaties

☆ contracts

☆ regulations

☆ agreements

22. Match the words with the synonyms:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A Trade
• B Union
• C Economy
• D Advertisement
• E commerce
• F assosiation
• G wealth
• H commercia

23. Consumer … laws are designed to prevent businesses from engaging in fraud or unfair practices, to protect individuals from scam artists, and identity thieves and crooks

24. The law creates a … system including the system of the courts for mitigating controversies

25. Most rules of law have developed from the … that are known as a settled and accepted way of behavior in the defined circumstances

26. … and supervision of consumer protection by Rospotrebnadzor acting pursuant to its Regulations approved by Resolution of the Russian Government

Тип ответа : Одиночный выбор

• President
• State control
• Local control

27. An area of United States law that involves agreements between people, businesses, and groups is … law

28. The … Directive is the foundational legal framework for online services in the EU

29. There are voluntary … of consumers (generally formed as non-commercial enterprises) who also protect consumers

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

☆ companies

☆ associations

☆ local governmental bodies

30. … is an organisation, regardless of the organisational-and-legal form thereof, or an individual businessman engaged in importing commodities for their subsequent sale

31. The Consumer Code in Italy came into force on 23 October 2005 and has been a … body of law for the protection of consumer rights

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

• legal
• ruling
• binding
• fundamental

32. We can find he expression “An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth” in the …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

☆ tablets from the ancient city Ebla

☆ Bible

☆ Hammurabi’s Code

33. Under the Russian law, the state control and … of consumer protection as well as sanitary and epidemiological safety of the population is conducted by the Russian Federal Consumer Rights Protection and Human Health Control Service (Rospotrebnadzor)

34. … is concerned with human actions, and the choice of those actions, and evaluates those actions, and the values that underlie them

35. A system of treaties and agreements between nations that governs how nations interact with other nations, citizens of other nations, and businesses of other nations is … law

36. The body of rules, doctrines, and practices that govern the operation of political communities is …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

• labour law
• tort law
• constitutional law

37. The main spheres of law are …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

• public and private law
• original and legal law
• modern law and archaic law

38. … is overall quality or character, that helps you to attract new customers and build customer loyalty

39. A number of principles of a formal and procedural character, addressing the way in which a community is governed comprises …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

☆ rules of law

☆ community rules

☆ judiciary

40. Match the given expressions with the definitions:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A Fairness
• B Justice
• C Equity
• D Equality
• E the state or quality of being equal
• F the maintenance or administration of what is just especially by the impartial adjustment of conflicting claims or the assignment of merited rewards or punishments
• G justice achieved not simply according to the strict letter of the law but in accordance with principles of substantial justice and the unique facts of the case
• H impartial and just treatment or behaviour without favouritism or discrimination

41. In Russia rather than having a single product liability …, the relevant rules are scattered among various

42. Match the given countries to the corresponding law systems:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A Italy
• B England
• C Nigeria
• D Civil Law
• E Religious Law
• F Customary Law

43. It is not correct that … belongs to terminal values

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

☆ salvation (saved eternal life)

☆ obedient (dutiful, respectful)

☆ national security (protection from attack)

☆ a sense of accomplishment (a lasting contribution)

44. Laws currently in force in England include …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

• the Consumer Protection Act 1987 and the Consumer Rights Act 2015
• the Consumer Protection Act 1986 and the Consumer Rights Act 2019
• the Consumer Protection Act 1985 and the Consumer Rights Act 2018

45. Rospotrebnadzor inspects products (works, services) as being in conformity with obligatory … ensuring safety towards consumers and environment as well as preventing harm and damages thereto

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

• facts
• causation
• requirements

46. Consumer protection in the American legislation is implemented through …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

☆ consumer codes

☆ administrative codes

☆ a system of rules and case law

47. The law operates in the … environment

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

☆ social

☆ political

☆ geographical

48. Laws are binding for the members of the society because …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

• they are made by people
• they are always easy to obey
• they protect people’s rights and fundamental freedoms

49. … is the estimated or appraised worth of any object or property, calculated in money

50. Code of … Offences establishes liability for certain offences committed against a consumer, such as: selling goods and rendering works or services of improper quality

51. … measures are referred to as acts or, in the case of bicameral legislatures, joint or concurrent resolutions of both houses

52. … laws are statutory instruments made by local governments to regulate a broad range of issues within their communities

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

• Local
• Legal
• Religious
• Customary

53. A turning point in the Consumer Protection Legislation was the … Treaty, signed on February 7, 1992 and ratified by Law no. 454 of November 3, 1992 that transformed the European Community in European Union

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

☆ Paris

☆ Berlin

☆ Vienna

☆ Maastricht

54. … is a comprehensive legal term that describes the condition of being actually or potentially subject to a legal obligation

55. Strict liability is applied regardless of whether or not contractual relations exist. The test for whether ‘… information’ was supplied to a consumer is quite uncertain

56. … is classified as private law

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

• Administrative law
• Contract law
• Constitutional law

57. Criminal law prosecutes activities which are …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор

☆ good

☆ bad

☆ unfair

☆ illegal

58. Arrange the values according to the theory of values by Max Scheler starting from the basic values:

Тип ответа: Сортировка

Utility

sensual

virtue

wisdom

transcendent