Контрольная 5 Вариант 2

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 5
Вариант 2
1. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них тип условного предложения и переведите их на русский язык:
1. If I were you, I′d redesign your website.
2. They would have gone bust if they′d taken his advice.
3. If you open a deposit account, you will get interest.
4. A lot of people would be out of work if the car factory closed down.
5. I wish I had applied for a job.
2. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения, содержащие причастия, герундий и инфинитив или конструкции с ними:
1. They are going to postpone making a decision till next month.
2. We′ve got to encourage students to study, not blame them for not studying.
3. The canal supplying a large area with water was built 50 years ago.
4. Having finished her work, she went home.
5. The meeting being over, I went home.
6. The manager doesn′t cope with the task of introducing the new product to the market.
7. It′s not always possible to predict the results of every phenomenon.
8. There are some applied fields of economics in which specialists are interested.
9. Martin seems to be enjoying his new job.
10. I don′t mind being kept waiting.
3. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык предложения, содержащие усилительные (эмфатические) конструкции:
1. It is the manager who makes decisions after careful studying of all the data.
2. It was in 1962 when the British government set up an official planning body to guide national economic policies.
3 Industry and commerce do depend on precise, up-to-date information.
4. It was not until June that
we can meet all the debts.
5. I do rely on the given information.
4. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст:
Inflation
The control of rising prices and the depreciating value of money has been an aim of economic policy for many years. In the past, it was thought that the control of inflation created unemployment and that inflation only occurred at times of full or near-full employment. In recent years, the problem has been much more serious because rising inflation has been accompanied by high levels of unemployment.
A simple description of inflation is too much money chasing too few goods. It poses a serious problem because it has so many bad effects. The first obvious one is that one′s money buys less and less as prices of goods and services continue to rise and one′s standard of living falls as a result. This is made worse by the fact that people of low and fixed incomes, for example pensioners, are most seriously affected and many of them are not able to help themselves.
It is argued by some economists that some inflation is good for the economy, since deflation leads to unemployment and depression, but clearly, a high level of inflation is injurious and makes economic progress difficult, if not possible. Successive governments, therefore, introduce policies which are designed to control inflation. These fall into two groups. The first one aims to decrease demand for goods and services. It includes increases in taxation, restriction of credit, and raising of interest rates, all of which reduce consumers′ spending power (demand). These measures are usually supported by reduced government expenditure, which, in turn, decreases the amount of money circulating in the economy and is therefore a further control on demand.
The second group of measures aims to hold or reduce costs and therefore prices. The chief measure is carrying out of an incomes policy designed to control wages and salaries at a specified level or specific ones to the level of increased productivity achieved.
Economists talk of, and distinguish between, cost-push inflation-price rises which occur because the costs of production are increasing more than output, and demand-pull inflation-price rises which occur as a result of increased demand. The two types of inflation are closely connected.
In recent years many measures have been used in an attempt to control inflation. The main ones have been those which limit rises in incomes and prices. While prices and incomes policies do help to control inflation, they obviously do not provide a complete answer. The level of prices at home depends to some extend on the prices of imports, which are determined by factors outside our control, as well as on the value of home currency, which depends partly on the levels of other countries′ currencies.
The only permanent answer to the control of inflation is an increase in productivity - and consequently total production - that is easier said than achieved. Many internal and external influences govern economic activity and performance. The government must try to influence and control these for the best interests of the country and its people, through measures which affect the supply of money in the economy, taxation and other controls.