📚 [ОТВЕТЫ] 🄲 Иностранный язык в профессиональной сфере_м (все ответы МФПУ Синергия/МосАП)

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УЧЕБНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ📜

• Введение в курс
• Тема 1. Legal System (Законодательная система)
• Тема 2. Law enforcement (Органы правопорядка)
• Тема 3. The Legislative branch in the UK (Законодательная ветвь власти в Великобритании)
• Тема 4. The Legislative Branch in Russia (Законодательная ветвь власти в России)
•  Заключение
• Итоговая аттестация

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1. The building where the British Parliament sits is called …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ Big Ben

☆ Westminster

☆ Downtown

2. The most accurate definition for the Rule of Law is …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ “a rule made by Parliament”

☆ “guidance on how rules should be applied”

☆ “the law must be made up of strict rules with punishment for breach of those rules”

☆ “an idealistic concept of how the legal system should function to further civilized societ

3. … regulates the relationship between different independent countries and is usually in the form of treaties, international customs

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• National relationship
• International relationship
• Domestic relationship

4. In Russia, … laws shall be adopted by the State Duma

5. Arrange the milestone documents chronologically:

Тип ответа: Сортировка

• 1 The Bill of Rights (UK)
• 2 The European Convention on Human Rights
• 3 The Constitution of France
• 4 The Russian Federation Constitution

6. One unique feature of policing approach in Russia is the system of territorial … over citizens

7. … law is the area of the law that covers most civil suits in the UK

8. The duties of police officers include … (choose 3 correct answers)

Тип ответа: Множественный выбор • с выбором нескольких правильных ответов из предложенных вариантов

☆ highway patrol

☆ traffic enforcement

☆ patrol of small towns

☆ serve civil process

9. Match the words with the definitions:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A. An amendment
• B. A bill
• C. A clause
• D. A debate
• E. a change to the wording of a Bill or a motion that is proposed by an MP or member of the House of Lords
• F. a proposal for a new law, or a proposal to significantly change an existing law
• G. part of a Bill
• H. a formal discussion of a specific proposal (motion) in the House of Commons

10. In the UK, currently there is a … Government in power

11. Arrange the commercial courts in Russia according to their hierarchy (start from the lowest ones):

Тип ответа: Сортировка

1 The Supreme Commercial Court of the Russian Federation

2 Commercial cassation courts

3 Commercial appellate courts

4 Commercial courts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation

12. The British Parliament – like that of larger countries – is …; it has two chambers

13. Traditionally, members of the British police must gain a certain level of academic … at school and undergo a period of intensive training

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ qualifications

☆ certificates

☆ aptitude

 14. Arrange the police officers according to their rank in the UK (start from the lowest rank):

Тип ответа: Сортировка

• 1 Sergeant
• 2 Assistant Chief Constable
• 3 Deputy Chief Constable
• 4 Chief Constable

15. The State Commercial Courts in Russia are called …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• Commercials
• Labour

16. The term “…” can generally be defined as any proceeding over which a judge presides

17. Before submitting a … with an arbitrazh court, a party may have to comply with a pretrial claim procedure

18. Arrange chronologically according to the establishment date:

Тип ответа: Сортировка

• 1The US Congress
• 2The UK Parliament
• 3The European Court of Human Rights
• 4The Federal Assembly (Russia)

19. The … of the Russian Federation is the highest judicial body for civil, criminal and administrative cases, cases for economic disputes and other cases

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ Supreme Court

☆ Constitutional Court

☆ Administrative Court

20. Any criminal trial begins with the …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• opening arguments of the defense attorney
• interviewing the witnesses
• selection of the jury

 21. Some countries use a method of election called … representation which means that there is a reasonable correlation between the percentage of votes cast for a particular political party and the number of seats or representatives won by that party

22. The … of the Russian Federation may take a decision on the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation

23. State … house offenders who have committed state crimes, such as assault, arson, robbery or homicide

24. Most counties in the United States are patrolled by a … department under the leadership of an elected official

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ sheriffs

☆ police

☆ constable’s

☆ state police

25. The British Parliament, often referred to as the “… of Parliaments,” consists of the sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons.

26. Arrange the courts in the UK according to their hierarchy (start from the lowest ones):

Тип ответа: Сортировка

• 1 Magistrates’ courts
• 2 Crown court
• 3 Court of Appeal
• 4 Supreme Court

27. Special powers of the State Duma are enumerated in the …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• Constitution
• Local acts
• Federal acts

28. Law enforcement is primarily the responsibility of …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ state police agencies

☆ local police agencies

☆ national police agency

☆ private security

29. In the UK, the Commons is chaired by the …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

queen

speaker

chairman

30. Match the courts with their functions:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A. District courts
• B. Arbitration courts
• C. The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation
• D. The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation
• E. handle most civil, criminal and administrative cases
• F. hear cases dealing with a wide matter of contractual issues, such as rights of ownership, contract changes, performance of obligations, etc.
• G. heads the system of courts of general jurisdiction and the system of commercial courts
• H. resolves cases regarding the constitutionality of normative legal acts of all levels

31. In the UK, nowadays, almost all the members of House of Lords are life …

32. … is a typical responsibility of the county sheriffs office

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• Operating a jail
• Responding to calls in a municipality
• Talking to criminals in the criminal and civil process

33. It is not correct that … is a service performed by forensics

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ care for the sick and injured

☆ examine and analyse evidence from crime scenes

☆ assist in the investigation and prosecution of perpetrators of crime

34. In Russia, the two chambers of the legislature also have the power to override a presidential … of legislation

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ veto

☆ vote

☆ election

35. The … of the Russian Federation is a judicial body of constitutional review, which independently exercises judicial power by means of constitutional judicial proceedings

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• Supreme Court
• Constitutional Court
• Administrative Court

36. Match the words with their definitions:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A. Clerk B. Budget
• C. The Cabinet
• D. Frontbencher
• E. the senior permanent official of Parliament who advises on procedure and records the decisions of the house, and is the administrative head of the Parliament Secretariat
• F. a plan placed before Parliament each year showing what money the government expects to receive (revenue) and
• G. the team of ministers in the Government who are chosen by the Prime Minister to lead on specific policy areas
• H. either a Government minister or an Opposition shadow spokesperson

37. The Supreme Court acts as a … court in cases where regulatory acts of the president of the Russian Federation, are challenged

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ trial

☆ commercial

☆ turned

38. The first Parliament of the UK was called together in …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• 1530
• 1465
• 1160
• 1265

39. In Russia, the courts of general jurisdiction have … levels

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ four

☆ five

☆ six

40. Match people to their descriptions:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

A. Pickpocket

B. Thief

C. Juvenile delinquent

D. Intruder E. a thief who steals from people’s pockets in transit or in crowds

F. somebody who steals

G. a minor who commits a crime

H. a person who enters a house or business illegally

41. The purpose of … law is to regulate the relationship between States and, therefore, it is binding upon States

42. A chief … is a police officer in charge of the police in a particular area

43. In the UK, MPs are elected every … years

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• three
• four
• five

44. It is not correct that … belongs to the courts of the general jurisdiction

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ trial court

☆ mediation court

☆ court of cassation appeal

☆ court of supervisory appeal

45. Constitutional courts of constituent entities resolve issues of …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

compliance with the constituent entity’s laws

national authorities

political divisions

46. The term common law means the law developed by the old common law courts of the King’s Bench, the Courts of Common Pleas and the Courts of …

47. Writ “…” is Latin for “you may have the body”

48. The jurisdiction of the State Duma includes deciding the issue of confidence in the … of the Russian Federation

49. Due to the necessary repairs the House of Commons will move to … House and the House of Lords will relocate to the Queen Elizabeth II conference center

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ Richmond

☆ Salisbury

☆ York

50. Arrange the historical documents chronologically starting from last to first:

Тип ответа: Сортировка

• 1Magna Carta
• 2Code of Justinian
• 3Constitution of Sparta
• 4Roman Twelve Tables of Law

51. A … is a place for the purpose of imprisoning someone, typically someone who has been convicted of a minor offense or someone who is awaiting trial for the crime they are accused of having committed

52. Roman civil law allowed great … in adopting new ideas or extending legal principles in the complex environment of the empire

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• rigidity
• flexibility
• partiality

53. In the UK, … is considered the “upper chamber”

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ the House of Lords

☆ the House of Knights

☆ the House of Commons

☆ the Senate

54. The principles of the … developed into the laws of Henry II

55. In the UK, “lower chamber” …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ creates bills

☆ votes on legislation

☆ it has no real power

☆ holds the power to dissolve the government

56. In the UK, historically most members of the House of Lords have been what we called … peers

57. The most evident and common agency that enforces the law in most of the countries of the world is the …

58. Judges may be citizens of the Russian Federation over … years of age with a higher education in law

59. The International Criminal … investigates and, where warranted, tries individuals charged with the gravest crimes of concern to the international community

60. Match the words with the definitions:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A. Judiciary
• B. Legislature
• C. Juror
• D. the branch of government which administers justice according to law
• E. an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city
• F. one of a group of persons sworn to deliver a verdict in a case submitted to them; member of a jury

61. In the UK, every citizen aged 18 or over can vote once in the … in which they live

62. Match the words with their definitions:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A. Escape
• B. Bail
• C. Back-up
• D. Cell
• E. get away from a holding place
• F. large amount of money that someone pays as a promise to appear in court
• G. police that are called in to support or help
• H. individual room in a jail or prison

63. … law is the aspect of law which emanates from and has effect on members of a specific state

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ Municipal

☆ Local

☆ Interior

64. A correctional facility for young offenders or delinquents, often under the supervision of a special court. is called … detention

65. In the UK, there is no fixed number of members in the House of … and the number fluctuates because of deaths, retirements and new appointments

Компетентностный тест

66. According to Article 13 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation the principle of political pluralism is enshrined. What does it mean?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ Pluralism as a political philosophy is the recognition and affirmation of diversity within a political body, which is seen to permit the peaceful coexistence of different interests, convictions, and lifestyles. The ban is established on the recognition of any ideology as official. The freedom of political opinions and actions is proclaimed. The basis for the existence of a multi-party system in the country has been approved

☆ Pluralism as a political philosophy is the recognition and affirmation of diversity within a political body, which is seen to permit the peaceful coexistence of different interests, convictions, and lifestyles. The rights and freedoms of man and citizen are recognized

☆ Pluralism as a political philosophy is the recognition and affirmation of diversity within a political body, which is seen to permit the peaceful coexistence of different interests, convictions, and lifestyles. There is no state religion. The rights and freedoms of man and citizen are recognized

67. A 30-year-old man is arrested and detained by police officers on suspicion that he has stolen a car. He was seen by the neighbour, who says he went to the same school as him, and who reported it to the police. The police take the man to the local police station, where they intend to interrogate him about the suspected offence. Assess if he has a right to a lawyer and, if so, at what point in the process that right applies according to the RF laws.

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• He doesn’t have a right to a state lawyer. If he has money, he can have a private lawyer. He is allowed to remain silent until the lawyer arrives
• He has a right to a lawyer. If he has no lawyer of his own, he will be assigned a state lawyer. He is allowed to remain silent until the lawyer arrives
• He has a right to a lawyer. If he has no lawyer of his own, he will be assigned a state lawyer. He is to be interviewed at the moment when he comes to the police department even in the absence of his lawyer

68. Read the following piece of the text about the USA: Senate Bill X has passed out of the Senate. Senators were happy with the way that it was drafted and did not amend it at all. It has gone through the committee review process in the House of Delegates. An amendment was made, and the Delegates agreed that the amendment made the bill much better, so they passed it out of the House. What may happen at this point?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ First, the House will report the passage of the bill to the Senate and request their concurrence in the amendments. Next, the Senate will vote on whether or not they agree with the changes that the House has made. If they do agree, the bill moves on to be signed into law by the Governor. At this point, the Senate is not allowed to request that the House recede from their amendments or withdraw the amendments that they passed. The House doesn’t vote on whether or not to recede from their amendment

☆ First, the House will report the passage of the bill to the Senate and request their concurrence in the amendments. The Senate may also request that the House recede from their amendments or withdraw the amendments that they passed. The House then votes on whether or not to recede from their amendment

☆ First, the House will report the passage of the bill to the Senate and request their concurrence in the amendments. Next, the Senate will vote on whether or not they agree with the changes that the House has made. If they do agree, the bill moves on to be signed into law by the Governor. At this point, the Senate may also request that the House recede from their amendments or withdraw the amendments that they passed. The House then votes on whether or not to recede from their amendment

69. Law of the Twelve Tables, Latin Lex XII Tabularum, the earliest written legislation of ancient Roman law, traditionally dated 451–450 BC. The Twelve Tables allegedly were written by 10 commissioners at the insistence of the plebeians, who felt their legal rights were hampered by the fact that court judgments were rendered according to unwritten custom preserved only within a small group of learned patricians. According to the Law of the Ten Tables, what was to be done to a person found guilty of giving false testimony?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• A person who had been found guilty of giving false witness shall be killed by his enemy
• A person who had been found guilty of giving false witness shall be sent to prison for 10 long years
• A person who had been found guilty of giving false witness shall be hurled down from the Tarpeian Rock

70. A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government. What is the difference in the legislative system of the Russian Federation and the United Kingdom?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ The executive power is vested in the Federal Assembly. It consists of 2 chambers. The Upper Chamber is Council of Federation; the lower chamber is the State-Duma. A bill must be approved by both Chambers and signed by the president than it becomes a law. The President may veto the bill. The United Kingdom is not a constitutional monarchy. Britain is administered from the palace of Westminster in London. Parliament is made up of two chambers – the House of Commons and the House of Lords

☆ The legislative power is vested in the Federal Assembly. It consists of 2 chambers. The Upper Chamber is Council of Federation; the lower chamber is the State-Duma. A bill must be approved by both Chambers and signed by the president than it becomes a law. The President may veto the bill. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. Britain is administered from the palace of Westminster in London. Parliament is made up of two chambers – the House of Commons and the House of Lords

☆ The legislative power is vested in the Federal Assembly. It consists of 2 chambers. The Upper Chamber is Council of Federation; the lower chamber is the State-Duma. A bill must be approved by both Chambers and signed by the president than it becomes a law. The President may veto the bill. The United Kingdom is a federal republic. Britain is administered from the palace of Westminster in London. Parliament is made up of two chambers – the House of Commons and the House of Lords

71. Imagine your American friend decided to become a police officer in the USA. What steps should he make?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• It’s a seven-step hiring process. The first step is an online questionnaire. After that you take the written test and once you pass it, you move to the next step. The third step is the polygraph, after which you are sent to the department interview and the medical interview. A background investigator will do an approximate three-month-long investigation where they look at every place you’ve ever lived, every employer that’s ever hired you, your references, your neighbours, your friends
• It’s a six-step hiring process. The first step is an online questionnaire. After that you take the written test and once you pass it, you move to the next step. The third step is the polygraph, after which you are sent to the department interview and the medical interview. They’ll study your social media accounts, everything that you can possibly think of, to make sure that we really know who we’re hiring
• It’s a five-step hiring process. The first step is an online questionnaire. After that you take the written test and once you pass it, you move to the next step. The third step is the polygraph, after which you are sent to the department interview and the medical interview

72. Some of the different types of government include a direct democracy, a representative democracy, socialism, communism, a monarchy, an oligarchy, and an autocracy. What characterizes the Republican form of government established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

☆ Work and health of people are protected. A guaranteed minimum wage is established. State support is provided for the family, motherhood, fatherhood and childhood, the disabled and the elderly

☆ The highest authorities are elected or appointed for a fixed term. State pensions, allowances and other guarantees of social protection are established

☆ The head of state is elected by the people. The highest authorities are elected or appointed for a fixed term

73. Intentions are mental states in which the agent commits themselves to a course of action. According to the Roman law, did the intention produce legal consequences?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• The basis for Roman law was the idea that the exact form, not the intention, of words or of actions produced legal consequences. Romans recognized that there are witnesses to actions and words, but not to intentions
• The basis for Roman law was the idea that the intention, not the form produced legal consequences. Romans recognized that there are witnesses to intentions as well as to actions and word
• The basis for Roman law was the idea that the intention, the words and the form produced legal consequences. Romans recognized that there are witnesses to intentions as well as to actions and words