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Английский язык в сфере юриспруденции
Важно!. Информация по изучению курса
Тема 1. The Structure of English legal System
Тема 2. Business Organisations 1
Тема 3. Business Organisations 2
Тема 4. Business Organisations 3
Тема 5. Shares and Shareholders
Тема 6. Consumer Protection
Тема 7. Bankruptcy
Тема 8. The Law of Agency
Тема 9. The Law of Tort
Тема 9. The Law of Tort
Тема 10. The Law of Contract
Тема 11. Contracts of Employment
Тема 12. The Nature and Classification of Business Property
Тема 13. The Nature of Security
A statement of law is binding for future similar disputes if…
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it is based on a hypothesis
is made by the way
it forms the basis of the decision
When the land is owned by a company, …
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registration of a mortgage is not necessary
there must be registration of both legal and equitable mortgages
there must be registration of the equitable mortgage
The rights of inheritance are unrestricted in case of …
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fee tail estate
life estate
fee simple estate
The secretary of a private company…
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must have work experience as a company secretary
need not have any personal qualifications
must be qualified as a chartered secretary, an accountant or a lawyer
Sole trader…
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is liable for all his debts
shares losses with the people he employs
has limited liability
Employees are entitled to notice which could be a month …
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for senior clerical workers
for senior managers
for other managers
The mortgagor may create …
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second and subsequent mortgages over the same property
not more than two mortgages over the same property
only one mortgage over the same property
Agency of necessity can arise on condition that …
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there is some emergency
there are no pre-existing contracts giving the agent responsibility for the property of another
the person charged with responsibility can get instructions from the owner of the property
If the principal refuses to ratify the transaction, …
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the principal will be liable for damages
no one will be liable for damages
the agent will be liable for damages
Preference shareholders have the right…
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to receive a fixed dividend prior to ordinary shareholder
to receive an unlimited dividend
to receive surplus assets
In case of trespass to land the duty is owed …
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to the possessor if he is the owner
to the possessor even if he is not the owner
to the owner
The bankruptcy petition can be presented by…
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the trustee
a creditor
a magistrate
Trading in a name similar to that of another similar business affects …
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reputation
economic rights
general rights
Public limited companies can have…
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two directors
no directors
one director
The capital clause of the Memorandum states…
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the capital assets
the authorized capital
the actual capital raised
The employer must provide written statement of the following terms …
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provision of safe tools and equipment
pension rights
maternity rights
A separate legal person is created in setting up business as…
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a partnership
a registered company
a sole trader
The transfer of property to the buyer is the main purpose …
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of the contract for the sale of goods
of the contract for labor and materials
of the contract for service
Fiduciary duties are owed …
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by employees to their employers
by sales clerks to the customers
by buyers to sellers
A director of a public company can be disqualified…
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by the court
by the annual meeting of shareholder
by a majority shareholder
The following products are excluded from liability under the Consumer Protection Act:
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unprocessed game
vapours
electricity
Partnership can be set up between persons carrying on a business…
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only for receiving profits
for any purpose
for charitable purpose
Negligence is an actionable wrong affecting …
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the person
general rights
property
actionable
A company which develops a new product, protects this invention …
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by a patent
by a share certificate
by an insurance policy
Leasehold estate which incudes the renewable yearly lease is …
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the “term of years”
the “estate at will”
the “estate by sufferance”
Fiduciary duties of employees are implied into a contract of employment …
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are not implied
by the common law
by statute
Legal rights attach to…
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natural and artificial persons
natural persons only
corporations only
To control rogue dealers, the DG may bring proceedings…
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in the Restrictive Practices Court
in the Crown Court
in the High Court
Contracts for the sale of goods include …
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agreements to sell
contracts for hire of goods
contracts of bailment
Dismissal of an employee is considered fair if the reason is …
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that the employee is a member of an independent trade union
redundancy
pregnancy
Private limited companies cannot raise money…
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by selling shares
by inviting other members
by making loans
The power to order that a merger shall not go ahead lies with…
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the Secretary of State
the Director General of Fair Trading
the Monopolies and Mergers Commission
The term “goods” includes all “chattels personal” that are …
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tangible
immovable
intangible
The highest court of appeal in Britain is…
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House of Lords
Civil Court of Appeal
Criminal Court of Appeal
Supervising trading practices is one of the main duties of…
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the Monopolies and Mergers Commission
the Director General of Fair Trading
the Consumer Protection Advisory Committee
The major source of the English law which takes precedence over the others is…
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legislation
European Community law
case law
A mortgage is void against a subsequent purchaser …
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if it is legal without title deed
if it is not registered in the Land Charges Registry
if it is not legal
A consent of the principal …
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must be given in written form
can be verbal, in writing or by deed
is to be given by deed
An employer must make a redundancy payment to an employee who has been employed …
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for two years
for a month
for a year
The Monopolies and Mergers Commission consists of…
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three members
not less than 10 members
not more than 30 members
The loan agreement provides for repayment of loan plus interest …
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at any time subject to no restrictions
at any time subject to reasonable restrictions
exactly by the legal date of redemption
he bankruptcy order is published in…
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the Financial Times
the London Gazette
the Business Week
Things which are capable of physical possession are uncluded into …
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incorporeal property
tangible property
intangible property
Ratification of the contract can be possible if …
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it concerns a part of the contract
the contract is not void or a forgery
it takes place after the time fixed for the performance of the contract
The Department of Trade and Industry may appoint inspectors…
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on the application of 100 shareholders
on the application of 1 shareholder
on the application of members holding not less than one tenth of the shares.
According to the contract, the goods must be transferred …
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for other goods
for securities
for money
Directors of a public company can be appointed…
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at any age
at the age under 70
at the age under 60
The employer must provide written statement of the following terms …
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maternity rights
provision of safe tools and equipment
pension rights
The East India Company was created…
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by special Act of Parliament
under Companies Act
by Royal Charter
A person cannot be a partner if …
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it is a limited company
he or she is an enemy alien
he or she is a minor
A subsidiary company is owned…
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by a sole trader
by a holding company
by a partnership
To take part in the management of a registered company, a bankrupt must get…
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the creditors’ consent
the trustee’s consent
the court’ consent
If a minority shareholder does not agree with the majority…
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he must accept the decision of the majority
the majority must agree with him
the court will support him
A shareholder has the right…
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to give instructions to the directors of the company
to sell the assets of the company
to receive a proportion of the profits of the company
The Register of the Company must be kept…
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at the registered office
in the residence of the majority shareholder
in the office of the CEO
A shareholder of a public company can sell his shares freely…
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if other shareholders agree
if the shares are dealt with on the Stock Exchange or the AIM
if majority shareholder gives his consent не уверена
Companies limited by shares are usually set up for…
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educational purposes
charitable purposes
trading purposes
Directors of a public company can be appointed…
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at the age under 70
at the age under 60
at any age
Contracts for the sale of goods include …
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contracts for hire of goods
agreements to sell
contracts of bailment
Carrying on an offensive trade, obstructing the highway is …
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private nuisance
trespass to land
public nuisance
Allowing water to escape from reservoirs is a tort affecting …
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economic rights
property
general rights
A bankrupt must disclose his status if he wants to obtain…
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a credit of 250 pounds or more
a credit of more than 50 pounds sterling
a credit
Choses capable of negotiation are classified as negotiable instruments and include
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bills of exchange
postal orders
bills of lading
If a partner secretly carries on a competing business, he…
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will be expelled
must sell that business
must pay to the firm all profits made by him in that business
General agents have …
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authority to act within certain limits
unlimited authority
authority for a specific purpose
A mortgage can be set aside …
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if the presumption of undue influence has been rebutted in the Court
can never be set aside
if it has been obtained by undue influence
Gеneral agents have …
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unlimited authority
authority to act within certain limits
authority for a specific purpose
A holder of bearer shares becomes a member of the company…
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if Articles of the company allow that
automatically
according to the decision of the directors of the company
