💯 Иностранный язык в профессиональной деятельности [Тема 5-8] [Психология] — ответы на тесты Синергия / МОИ / МТИ / МосАП

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Иностранный язык в профессиональной деятельности

• Тема 5. Intelligence
• Тема 6. Creative Thinking
• Тема 7. Imagination
• Тема 8. Theories of Personality
• Заключение
• Анкета обратной связи
• Итоговая аттестация

… is another name for short-term memory.

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• sensory memory
• episodic memory
• working memory
• implicit memory

… is the process that allows our brains to take in information via our five senses, which can then be experienced and interpreted by the brain. This process occurs thanks to our five sensory systems: vision, hearing, taste, smell and touch.

Тип ответа: Текcтовый ответ

… memory is a type of implicit memory: it stores information about how to do things.

Тип ответа: Текcтовый ответ

‘Psyche’ is a Greek word meaning … .

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• essence
• soul
• behaviour
• love

" … affect" refers to one's propensity to experience positive emotions and interact with others and with life's challenges in a positive way.

Тип ответа: Текcтовый ответ

A high level of … may be useful for jobs that require a great deal of interaction with other people, like public relations, teaching, and sales.

Тип ответа: Текcтовый ответ

According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model, the three stages of memory are … memory, short-term memory, long-term memory.

Тип ответа: Текcтовый ответ

Human … is the potential and expressed capacity (mentally, physically, and socially) of human individuals or groups to respond to internal and external stimuli throughout their life. It is driven by genetic and environmental factors that affect an individual.

Тип ответа: Текcтовый ответ

In recent years, … psychology has emerged as an area of study seeking to identify and promote qualities that lead to greater happiness and fulfillment in our lives. These components include positive affect, optimism, and flow.

Тип ответа: Текcтовый ответ

In the brain, the visual cortex processes visual information and passes it from lower to higher areas of the brain which is also called … .

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• “bottom-up” and “top-down”
• V1
• posterior parietal lobe

Match English sentences and their Russian equivalents:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A. I’m a ‘worrier’
• B. I make friends easily
• C. I have a vivid imagination
• D. I trust others
• E. I complete tasks successfully
• F. Я постоянно беспокоюсь
• G. Я легко завожу друзей
• H. У меня живое воображение
• I. Я доверяю другим
• J. Я успешно завершаю задания

Match English terminology with its equivalents in Russian:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A. Reciprocal determinism
• B. Repression
• C. Levels of consciousness
• D. Self-efficacy
• E. Unstable emotions
• F. Displacement
• G. Inheritance
• H. To resemble
• I. Взаимное определение
• J. Вытеснение
• K. Уровни сознания
• L. Нестабильные эмоции
• M. Самоэффективность
• N. Смещение
• O. Наследование
• P. Напоминать

Match the parts of the sentences:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A. Eating disorders
• B. Young women are
• C. Research has been carried out to
• D. Recent advances in information technology have raised
• E. include binge eating.
• F. most commonly affected.
• G. trace changes in eating patterns.
• H. new issues in the field of psychology.

Match the stages of memory and their descriptions:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A. Short-term memory (STM)
• B. Sensory memory
• C. Long-term memory (LTM)
• D. a temporary storage system that processes incoming sensory memory
• E. a storage of brief sensory events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes
• F. a continuous storage of information

Match the terms and their definitions:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A. Sibling differences
• B. Personality
• C. Reliability
• D. Validity
• E. exposed to different childhood influences and as a result grew up to have different personalities
• F. the unique, relatively enduring internal and external aspects of a person character that influence behaviour in different situations
• G. the consistency of response to a psychological assessment device
• H. the extent to which the assessment device measures what it is intended to measure

Match the terms with their descriptions:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A. People who like to learn new things and enjoy new experiences usually score high in …. It includes personality traits like being insightful and imaginative and having a wide variety of interests.
• B. People that have a high degree of … are reliable and prompt. Personality traits include being organized, methodic, and thorough.
• C. … get their energy from interacting with others, while introverts get their energy from within themselves. This includes the personality traits of energetic, talkative, and assertive.
• D. Openness
• E. Conscientiousness
• F. Extraversion

Match these terms with their Russians equivalents:

Тип ответа: Сопоставление

• A. Retina
• B. biological reality
• C. inferior temporal lobe
• D. quasi-perceptual episode
• E. Sensory
• F. Delusory
• G. mental phenomenon
• H. Ретина
• I. Биологическая реальность
• J. Нижняя височная извилина
• K. Квази-перцептивная модель
• L. Сенсорный
• M. Иллюзорный
• N. Психическое явление

Put the following sentences in the right order:

Тип ответа: Сортировка

• 1 Analytical intelligence is closely aligned with academic problem solving and computations.
• 2 Sternberg says that analytical intelligence is demonstrated by an ability to analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast.
• 3 When reading a classic novel for literature class, for example, it is usually necessary to compare the motives of the main characters of the book or analyze the historical context of the story.
• 4 In a science course such as anatomy, you must study the processes by which the body uses various minerals in different human systems.
• 5 In developing an understanding of this topic, you are using analytical intelligence.
• 6 When solving a challenging math problem, you would apply analytical intelligence to analyze different aspects of the problem and then solve it section by section.

Put the sentences in the right order:

Тип ответа: Сортировка

• 1 Mental imagery is often used interchangeably with the term ‘mental image’.
• 2 This is misleading in more than one way.
• 3 First of all, mental imagery is not necessarily visual.
• 4 Just as perception can be visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile, gustatory, etc, the same goes for mental imagery.
• 5 Auditory mental imagery, for example, plays a crucial role in listening to music.
• 6 But it is not an ‘image’ in any meaningful sense of the term.
• 7 Second, and even more importantly, not everyone conjures up vivid and distinct images when they have mental imagery.
• 8 There are people who, when they close their eyes and visualize an apple, see no ‘images’ in their mind’s eye.
• 9 They are referred to as aphantasics, a label that just means that they report no conscious mental imagery.

Put the words in the right order to make a sentence:

Тип ответа: Сортировка

• 1 scientists are engaged in
• 2 explaining and understanding
• 3 how the world around them works,
• 4 and they are able to do so
• 5 by coming up with theories
• 6 that generate hypotheses
• 7 that are testable and falsifiable

Put the words in the right order to make a sentence:

Тип ответа: Сортировка

• 1 the value
• 2 of
• 3 IQ testing
• 4 is
• 5 most
• 6 evident
• 7 in
• 8 educational
• 9 or
• 10 clinical settings

Put the words in the right order to make a sentence.

Тип ответа: Сортировка

• 1 in recent years,
• 2 as Internet use has spread,
• 3 it has become more common
• 4 for young people
• 5 to meet
• 6 their friends
• 7 online after school and at the weekend

Put words below in the right order to make a sentence:

Тип ответа: Сортировка

• 1 encoding
• 2 involves
• 3 the input
• 4 of
• 5 information
• 6 into
• 7 the
• 8 memory
• 9 system

Read the description below and answer the question: This person is extremely bright, often relying more on facts than feelings. They prefer to think in a more logical and analytical way. Question: What is this person’s emotional type?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• the intellectual
• the empath
• the rock

Read the question below and select one correct answer: How do we cultivate creative thinking?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• Creative thinking cannot be cultivated – it is a skill that we are either born with or we will never be able to have it at all.
• Creative thinking can be cultivated by regularly practicing creativity in different situations and in relation to different problems.
• Creative thinking can be cultivated by hard work and constant repetition of the same routines and procedures.

Read the question below and select one correct answer: Question: What is the essence of Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• If we were to make a hits list for creativity assessment tests, TTCT most probably would be the number one. TTCT was developed for research and to provide a tool that can be used to individualize the instruction.
• If we were to make a hits list for creativity assessment tests, TTCT most probably would be somewhere in the middle. It is frequently used to measure creativity but it is not very successful.
• If we were to make a hits list for creativity assessment tests, TTCT most probably would be one of the last ones. It is commonly used to measure intelligence, but some researchers use it for creativity assessment.

Read the text below and answer the question: David’s brain was damaged after a car crash. Now David often needs help to reach objects and can’t define how far they are from him, so his wife helps him to get things he wants. Question: What brain area was damaged in the car crash?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• Parietal lobe
• Cortex
• Amygdala

Read the text below and answer the question: John has problems at school: he can’t analyze books, lectures or films, however, he absorbs all the information and has a magnificent memory. But when he should conduct experiments or make a conclusion about “pitfalls” of different works or motives of other people he gets puzzled. Question: What should John work on developing?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• John needs to work on developing his analytical intelligence.
• John needs to work on getting to know other people more.
• John needs to work on developing his emotional intelligence.

Read the text below and answer the question: Jurors place a lot of weight on eyewitness testimony. Imagine you are an attorney representing a defendant who is accused of robbing a convenience store. Several eyewitnesses have been called to testify against your client. Question: What would you tell the jurors about the reliability of eyewitness testimony?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• Misinformation effect paradigm holds that after exposure to incorrect information, a person may misremember the original event, hence, the eyewitness testimonies might not be entirely accurate.
• The eyewitness testimonies will probably be inaccurate as strong emotions lead to the creation of weaker memories and therefore, these people will be prone to forgetting what actually happened at the store.
• Eyewitnesses frequently suffer from anterograde amnesia: they cannot remember new information and events that happened prior to their injuries or traumatic experiences that occurred in their life.

Read the text below and answer the question: Ruby is a clever girl, but she has trouble building relationships with other people. Sometimes she hurts others’ feelings and doesn’t understand why they are getting offended. Last month her friend’s (Thomas) uncle died and Ruby didn’t support Thomas and told him he hadn’t even loved his uncle and always talked nasty about him. They quarreled and Ruby didn’t understand why, after all she just had stated facts. Question: What is Ruby’s key obstacle to making new friends and maintaining relationships with existing ones?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• Ruby has undeveloped emotional intelligence
• Ruby’s IQ is too high for other people
• Ruby is just a very rational straight-forward person

Read the text below and answer the question: Sarah wants to be a psychologist. Her parents are against Sarah's decision. They want Sarah to study medicine. Sarah is upset and doesn't know what to do. Question: What should Sarah do?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• Sarah should follow her parents' advice.
• Sarah should insist on her decision.
• Sarah should talk to her parents and argue her choice to them.

Read the text below and answer the question: The mental status exam is a clinical assessment tool used to evaluate a person's cognitive and emotional functioning. It typically focuses on areas such as mood and affect, attention and concentration, appearance, and other mental processes. Question: Based on this information, which of the following areas would the mental status exam be unlikely to cover?

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• Mood and affect
• Attention
• General appearance
• Memory
• Physical coordination

The … content of a dream refers to the true meaning of the dream.

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• latent
• manifest
• collective unconscious
• important

The following is NOT one of Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences:

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• creative
• spatial
• linguistic
• musical

The inventor of The NEO Personality Inventory is …

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• Costa and McCrae
• Mednick
• Wallach and Kogan

The long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways are known as ….

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

• psychodynamic
• temperament
• humors
• personality