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“ Her mother is perfectly unbearable. Never met such a Gorgon (O.W.)." is an example of
· antonomasia
· zeugma
· pun
· Epithet
“"Eliza: you are an idiot, waste the treasures of my Miltonic mind by spreading them before you (B.SH.).” is an example of
· oxymoron
· epithet
· simile
· Allusion
“He loved the afterswim salt-and-sunshine smell of her hair. (Jn.B.)” is an example of
· epithet
· metonymy
· metaphor
· Onomatopoeia
“He's a proud, haughty, consequential, turned-nosed peacock (D.)" is an example of
· zeugma
· epithet
· metaphor
· Metonymy
“Her family is one aunt about a thousand years old (Sc.F.)” is an example of
· hyperbole
· epithet
· simile
· Metaphor
“I am thinking an unmentionable thing about your mother. (I.Sh.)” is an example of
· zeugma
· periphrasis
· graphon
· Anaphora
“I do not consult physicians, for I hope to die without their help. (W.T.)” is an example of
· inversion
· repetition
· pun
· Irony
“Mr. Stiggins… took his hat and his leave” is the example of
· pun
· metaphor
· zeugma
· Antonomasia
“Of course it is important. Incredibly, urgently, desperately important (D.Sayers).” is an example of
· chiasmus
· detachment
· parallel constructions
· climax
“She was crazy about you. In the beginning. (R. W.) ” is an example of
· inversion
· detachment
· parallel constructions
· chiasmus
“Some people have much to live on, and little to live for (O.Wilde).” is an example of
· litotes
· metonymy
· antithesis
· Understatement
“Streaked by a quarter moon, the Mediterranean shushed gently into the beach (I.Sh).” is an example of:
· onomatopoeia
· metaphor
· assonance
· Alliteration
“The girls were dressed to kill (J.Br.)" is an example of
· irony
· epithet
· simile
· Hyperbole
“There comes a period in every man's life, but she is just a semicolon in his.” is an example of
· metonymy
· onomatopoeia
· metaphor
· Pun
“There were some bookcases of superbly unreadable books (E.W.)." is an example of
· oxymoron
· epithet
· hyperbole
· Irony
“You have nobody to blame but yourself. The saddest words of tongue or pen.” is an example of
· litotes
· metonymy
· alliteration
· Understatement
A recognized term for a group of words with entirely new meanings imposed on them existing in almost every language, whose aim is to preserve secrecy within one or another social group is
· jargonisms
· barbarisms
· vulgarism
· Professionalisms
Archaism proper are...
· archaic words with the fixed sphere of usage in poetry and elevated prose and with the function of imbuing the work of art with a lofty poetic colouring
· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times
· antiquated or obsolete words replaced by new ones
· barbarisms and foreign words
Archaisms are…
· words denoting objects, processes, phenomena of science, humanities, technique
· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times
· barbarisms and foreign words
· words, used by limited groups of people
At the lexical level stylistics studies
· a set of morphological, syntactical, transpositional representations
· tropes
· graphical shapes of texts
· hierarchical system of sounds, words and clauses
Brief news items (newspaper style) are characterized by
· terms (political or economic)
· emotional colouring
· the use of the first person singular
· obsolete words
Dialectal words are:
· normative and devoid of any stylistic meaning in regional dialects, but used outside of them, carry a strong flavour of the locality where they belong
· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times
· words, used by most speakers in very informal communication, highly emotive and expressive
· words, used by limited groups of people
Expressive means are ...
· abstract in nature
· fixed in dictionaries and grammars
· abstract in nature but fixed in dictionaries
· used in everyday speech
Galperin’s classification of functional styles embraces
· 6 groups
· 7 groups
· 5 groups
· 3 groups
In Great Britain four major dialects are…
· New England, Southern, Northern and Midwestern
· Northern, Southern, Eastern and Western
· Lowland Scotch. Northern, Midland (Central) and Southern
· Highland. Northern, Southern and Western
In the USA the dialectal varieties are…
· New England, Southern and Midwestern (Central, Midland)
· Northern and Southern
· Northern, Southern and Western
· Northern, Southern and Eastern
Intentional violation of the graphical shape of a word (or word combination) used to reflect its authentic pronunciation is true for:
· assonance
· graphon
· onomatopoeia
· Alliteration
Jargonisms are:
· words denoting objects, processes, phenomena of science, humanities, technique
· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times
· words, used by most speakers in very informal communication, highly emotive and expressive
Lexical stylistic devices are...
· based on the binary opposition of lexical meanings regardless of the syntactical organization of the utterance
· based on the binary opposition of syntactical meanings regardless of their semantics
· based on the binary opposition of lexical meanings accompanied by fixed syntactical organization of employed lexical units
· based on the opposition of meanings of graphical elements of the language
Literary words can be found in
· in authorial speech, descriptions, considerations
· in the types of discourse, simulating (copying) everyday oral communication
· in the dialogue (or interior monologue) of a prose work
· in streets and homes
Morphological or partial archaisms are
· antiquated or obsolete words replaced by new ones
· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times
· archaic words with the fixed sphere of usage in poetry and elevated prose and with the function of imbuing the work of art with a lofty poetic colouring
· archaic forms of otherwise non-archaic words
· barbarisms and foreign words
Most lexical stylistic devices are based on … .
· a sound arrangement or stress or intonation which impart the utterance additional shades of meaning
· the principles of similarity of objects, their contrast or proximity
· peculiarities of the literary layer of a language
· interaction of the reader and the writer
Obsolete words are the words which:
· have already gone completely out of use but are still recognized by the English-speaking community
· are no longer recognizable in modern English or have become unrecognizable
· are in the beginning of the aging process when the word becomes rarely used
· are generally defined as "a new word or a new meaning for an established word"
One of the branches of stylistics is termed
· decoding
· contextual
· literary
· structural
Poetic and highly literary words belong to…layer
· neutral
· both neutral and literary
· literary
· both colloquial and literary
Poetic words are...
· antiquated or obsolete words replaced by new ones
· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times
· archaic words with the fixed sphere of usage in poetry and elevated prose and with the function of imbuing the work of art with a lofty poetic colouring
· archaic forms of otherwise non-archaic words
Professionalisms are:
· words denoting objects, processes, phenomena of science, humanities, technique
· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times
· words, used by most speakers in very informal communication, highly emotive and expressive
· words, used by limited groups of people, united by some kind of production activity or specialty
Slang is…
· words denoting objects, processes, phenomena of science, humanities, technique
· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times
· words, used by most speakers in very informal communication, highly emotive and expressive
· words, used by limited groups of people
Special literary words are constituted by
· terms and archaisms
· slang and jargonisms
· professionalisms and jargons
· dialectisms and foreignisms
Stanza rhyme is an example of
· phonetical EM
· morphological EM
· lexical EM
· syntactical EM
Syntactical stylistic devices are...
· based on the binary opposition of lexical meanings regardless of the syntactical organization of the utterance
· based on the binary opposition of syntactical meanings regardless of their semantics
· based on the binary opposition of lexical meanings accompanied by fixed syntactical organization of employed lexical units
· based on the opposition of meanings of graphical elements of the language
Terms are…
· words denoting objects, processes, phenomena of science, humanities, technique
· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times
· archaic words with the fixed sphere of usage in poetry and elevated prose and with the function of imbuing the work of art with a lofty poetic colouring
· archaic forms of otherwise non-archaic words
The actual situation of the communication has evolved … varieties of the language
· monological and dialogical
· gestures and body
· spoken and written
· syntactical and lexical
The aim of the style of official documents is
· to disclose the laws of development and relations between different phenomena
· to reach agreement between two contacting parties
· to comment on certain political, cultural, economic events
· to call aesthetic feelings of pleasure and promote cognitive process
The belles-lettres functional style includes
· the editorials
· the language of essays
· the language of emotive prose
· the language of official letters
The belles-lettres style rests on
· trite imagery
· brevity of expression
· genuine imagery
· neutral vocabulary
The biggest division of vocabulary is made up of
· literary words
· colloquial words
· neutral words
· historical words
· poetic words
The definition "these are expletives and swear words which are of an abusive character, obscene word like "damn", "bloody" etc" is appropriate for
· jargon words
· colloquial coinages
· barbarisms
· vulgar words
The function of the scientific prose style is
· to convince the receiver of information that the interpretation given by the author is the only correct one
· to call aesthetic feelings of pleasure and promote cognitive process
· to give logical progress of some idea
· to inform
The imagery of emotive prose is
· as rich as it is in poetry
· as rich as it is in drama
· not as rich as it is in poetry
· not identified
The main function of the literary language is
· aesthetic
· volitional
· communicative-intellectual
· accumulative
The main source of synonymy and polysemy are considered to be
· colloquial words
· neutral words
· literary words
· neutral, literary and colloquial words
The object of stylistics is…
· the semantic structure of the word and the interrelation (or interplay) of the connotative and denotative meanings of the word
· hierarchical system of sounds, words and clauses
· specific features of a text type or of a specific text
· the stylistic function of the vocabulary
The publicistic functional style includes
· the language of scientific prose
· the language of poetry
· the language of essays
· the language of advertisements and announcements
The sphere of application of the belles-letters style is
· mass media restricted by press
· fiction
· mass media
· oratory speeches
The sphere of application of the publicist style is
· speeches, essays, articles
· mass media restricted by press
· jurisdiction, business
· official requests, letters, documents
The style of official documents is characterized by the use of
· words in their logical dictionary meaning
· words in their logical contextual meaning
· emotiveness
· connotational component of the meaning
The word-stock of any given language can be roughly divided into
· literary, neutral and colloquial vocabulary
· literary and colloquial vocabulary
· neutral and colloquial vocabulary
· neutral, poetic, literary and colloquial
The words of foreign origin which have not been entirely been assimilated into the English language are…
· dialectal words
· vulgarisms
· barbarisms and foreignism
· archaic, obsolescent and obsolete words
Vulgarisms are:
· coarse words with a strong emotive meaning, mostly derogatory, normally avoided in polite conversation
· words denoting objects, processes, phenomena of science, humanities, technique
· words denoting such concepts and phenomena that have gone out of use in modern times
· words, used by most speakers in very informal communication, highly emotive and expressive
