Обучающий тест "Наука и профессия" ИРНИТУ 2 курс заочники
Обучающий тест "Наука и профессия" ИРНИТУ 2 курс
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Вопрос 1
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Текст вопроса
Complete this article with appropriate words and expressions from the Glossary. You may need to change the form of some of the words.
“Science and technology have come a long way in the last 60 years, and our lives have become better as a result. Do you agree with this statement?”
The second half of the twentieth century saw more changes than in the previous two hundred years. Penicillin has already been Ответ and used to treat infections; there have been many remarkable advances in medicine that have helped to increase our average Ответ
way beyond that of our ancestors. Incredible Ответ (or innovations) such as television have changed the way we spend our leisure hours. Perhaps the most important Ответ
, however, has been the microchip. Nobody could have imagined, when it was first Ответ
, that within a matter of years, this tiny piece of silicon and circuitry would be found in almost every household object from the kettle to the DVD recorder. And nobody could have predicted the sudden proliferation of computers that would completely change our lives, allowing us to access information from the other side of the world via the Internet or send messages around the world by e-mail at the touch of a button. Meanwhile, Ответ
into other aspects of information technology is making it easier and cheaper for us to talk to friends and relations around the world. Good news for Ответ
who love modern technology, bad news for the Ответ
who would prefer to hide from these modern miracles.
But everything has a price. The development of Ответ
led to mass automation in factories, which in turn led to millions losing their jobs. The genius of Einstein led to the horrors of the atomic bomb and the dangerous uncertainties of Ответ
(we hear of accidents and mishaps at nuclear power stations around the world, where Ответ
to prevent accidents were inadequate). The relatively new science of Ответ
has been seen as a major step forward, but putting modified foods onto the market before scientists had properly Ответ
them was perhaps one of the most irresponsible decisions of the 1990s. Meanwhile, pharmaceutical and cosmetic companies continue to Ответ
on animals, a move that many consider to be cruel and unnecessary.
Of course we all rely on modern science and technology to improve our lives. However, we need to make sure that we Ответ
it rather than the other way round.
Вопрос 2
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Баллов: 8,00 из 10,00
Текст вопроса
Read about Passive Voice with Modals here. Rewrite the sentences using passive voice. Use contracted forms (e.g. couldn't, mustn't) and by:
The students must do the test. - The test must be done by the students.
! Знаки препинания уже стоят, ставить в ответе не нужно !
1. She can answer the question. Ответ.
2. He would bring the file. – Ответ.
3. They should open the window. – Ответ.
4. We might play chess. – Ответ .
5. You ought to wash the dishes. – Ответ.
6. I must fill in the questionnaire. – Ответ.
7. They don't need to buy milk. – Ответ .
8. She could not read the article. – Ответ.
9. Will the teacher test our vocabulary? – Ответ?
10. Could Nick lock the gate? – Ответ?
Вопрос 3
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Баллов: 5,00 из 5,00
Текст вопроса
What is the future of artificial intelligence (AI)? Will it be possible for robots to be autonomous? If so, when will that happen and will it be a good thing? We asked four experts what they think. Read the questions and choose the correct expert (A–D).
Robots: friend or foe?
A
I would say that we are quite a long way off developing the computing power or the algorithms for fully autonomous AI, though I do think it will happen within the next thirty or forty years. We will probably remain in control of technology and it will help us solve many of the world’s problems. However, no one really knows what will happen if machines become more intelligent than humans. They may help us, ignore us or destroy us. I tend to believe AI will have a positive influence on our future lives, but whether that is true will be partly up to us.
B
I have to admit that the potential consequences of creating something that can match or surpass human intelligence frighten me. Even now, scientists are teaching computers how to learn on their own. At some point in the near future, their intelligence may well take off and develop at an ever-increasing speed. Human beings evolve biologically very slowly and we would be quickly superseded. In the short term, there is the danger that robots will take over millions of human jobs, creating a large underclass of unemployed people. This could mean large-scale poverty and social unrest. In the long term, machines might decide the world would be better without humans.
C
Personally, I think it’s fascinating to consider how we’ll speed up our evolution as a species by augmenting our bodies. Imagine if you could implant a computer inside our brain! Soon we’ll be able to do just that and enhance our mathematical ability, audiovisual perception and our memory, and this idea is only going to become more and more commonplace. AI is also popping up in the world around us. Recent developments include self-driving cars and drones carrying life-saving equipment to people at sea. Granted, there have been a few teething problems: one woman who was asleep on the floor had her hair eaten by her robot vacuum cleaner and there have been fatal accidents with self-driving cars. But progress always comes at a cost, and for me the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.
D
I’m a member of the Campaign to Stop Killer Robots. Forget the movie image of a terrifying Terminator stamping on human skulls and think of what’s happening right now: military machines like drones, gun turrets and sentry robots are already being used to kill with very little human input. The next step will be autonomous ‘murderbots’, following orders but ultimately deciding who to kill on their own. It seems clear to me that this would be completely unethical and dangerous for humanity. We need to be very cautious indeed about what we ask machines to do.
1. Which expert has a different view from the others regarding the timescale of AI becoming much more autonomous?
Expert A
Expert B
Expert C
Expert D
Баллов: 1,00 из 1,00
2. Which expert has a similar view to A about the responsibility humans have for the future of AI?
Expert A
Expert B
Expert C
Expert D
Баллов: 1,00 из 1,00
3. Which expert agrees with B that the negative aspects of AI far outweigh the positive aspects?
Expert A
Expert B
Expert C
Expert D
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4. Which expert seems to disagree with B about how fast humans can change?
Expert A
Expert B
Expert C
Expert D
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5. Which expert gives their opinion about what will happen with the same level of certainty as D?
Expert A
Expert B
Expert C
Expert D
Баллов: 1,00 из 1,00
Вопрос 4
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Текст вопроса
Watch a video about Albert Einstein. For questions 1 to 7, decide if the statements are true or false.
1. Albert Einstein invented lasers and satellites.
True
False
Баллов: 1,00 из 1,00
2. Albert Einstein was born in Munich in 1879.
True
False
Баллов: 1,00 из 1,00
3. After graduating, it was difficult for Einstein to find a job because of a recommendation letter.
True
False
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4. Einstein's first job was in an office.
True
False
Баллов: 1,00 из 1,00
5. Einstein explained relativity comparing how fast or slow time seemed to pass in different situations.
True
False
Баллов: 1,00 из 1,00
6. Einstein's general theory of relativity was proven in 1915.
True
False
Баллов: 1,00 из 1,00
7. Einstein was offered to be president of Israel and didn't accept.
True
False
Баллов: 1,00 из 1,00
