Иностранный язык в профессиональной деятельности Тест Синергия
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РЕЗУЛЬТАТ 82 балла
ПОДТВЕРЖДЕНИЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ СДАЧИ ТЕСТОВ ВО ВЛОЖЕНИИ.
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Тема 1. History of computers (История компьютеров)
Тема 2. Information dependent society (Информационно-зависимое общество)
Тема 3. Development of microelectronics (Развитие микроэлектроники)
Тема 4. What is operating system (Что такое операционная система)
Тема 5. The information management challenges (Проблемы управления информацией)
Тема 6. Real time operating system (Операционная система в реальном времени)
The slide rule in its basic form uses … logarithmic scales to allow fast multiplication and division of numbers
Burroughs converted to electronic desk … and in the mid to late 1970s their products dropped from the market
In 1936, Alan Turing invented a universal machine, which was later called …
The first recognized use of the word “computer” was from …
The explosion in world population and the rise of globalised trade demanded even faster and more flexible tools for processing …
Match machines to their characteristics:
Match computers to their characteristics:
Arrange the computers in chronological order of their creation:
Arrange the computers in chronological order of their creation:
The description of a type of microcomputer is down below: “This type of microcomputer is just like a Mobile Device, but bigger than Smartphone and smaller then Notebook Computer. Just like Totally Smartphone feature like Touch screen display, power full Battery Backup and we can calling and receiving call and click pictures and anything”. Find out, what kind of microcomputer it is.
The term “information…” refers to the social, economic, technological, and cultural changes that have occurred as a result of the rapid development and extensive use of information and communication technologies
Speaking about the development of the information society in Russia, I. N. Kurnosov writes that “the strategy for the formation of the information society in the transition period to a new system of property relations … take into account the special role and responsibility of the state”
The information society is established in those countries – … – in which a post-industrial society was formed in the 60s and 70s
The network can serve as a means of … propaganda materials of criminal organizations, recipes for the manufacture of explosives and poisonous substances, weapons, narcotic and psychotropic drugs, and methods for breaking electronic and other ciphers
One of the advantages of Russia is an advantageous geographical location between trade and information and telecommunication flows …
The term “developed post-industrial society” was introduced by …
The largest number of internet users currently in …
Match the main characteristics of the information society according to the following criteria by W. Martin:
Match the sentence with the time it was written:
According to the research company comScore Networks in 2019, the number of Internet users worldwide amounted to 747 million people. The United States has the largest audience of Internet users – 153.4 million people, that is, almost every second American regularly goes online. In second place is China – in China today 86.8 million Internet users. Russia still occupies 13th place in terms of the number of people connected to the Network – 12.7 million people. However, Africa with 800 million people accounts for only 1 % of the total number of its users in the world, with 90 % of them living in South Africa. Identify the type of information society problem in the above case study.
The last decade’s technological advancements have played a … part in the formation of modern society
The development of integrated circuits and storage devices has continued at an exponential rate; each subsequent halving of component size now takes …
The early transistors were not only larger than the smallest tubes, but they were also more …
The transistor’s most significant advantage over the best vacuum tubes was that it consumed far …
Bell Telephone Laboratories’ John Bardeen, Walter H. Brattain, and William Shockley devised the bipolar transistor in …
Charge carriers from both polarities are involved in the operation of … transistors
Prior to the transistor’s discovery in 1947, the only way to execute its function in an electronic circuit was to use a … tube
Bell Telephone Laboratories’ John Bardeen, Walter H. Brattain, and William Shockley devised the … transistor in 1948
“Molecular …” is a term for data storage technologies that use molecular species as the data storage element, rather than e.g. circuits, magnetics, inorganic materials or physical shapes
Match the abbreviations and transcripts:
Match the parts of one sentence:
Match the parts of one sentence:
Match the highlighted words with their meaning in the sentence:
Arrange the stages in the history of transistors in chronological order:
Below is a description of one of the technologies: “It is a subfield of electronics. These devices are typically made from semiconductor materials. These include transistors, capacitors, inductors, resistors, diodes and (naturally) insulators and conductors. As a result, this kind of IT has the potential to lower skill requirements in some vocations while raising them in others. It has influenced our daily lives in a variety of ways, making our routines a little more pleasant”. Which technology is described in the text?
A user cannot send direct instructions to the hardware … various activities
Because of the expense, the system’s productivity had to be increased … cost effectiveness
The introduction of time-sharing systems, in particular, has long been regarded as a watershed moment in the evolution of … systems
The …, which was introduced in the mid-1950s, made computers more reliable
Microsoft Windows eventually surpassed Mac OS … the world’s most popular personal computer operating system, with over 90 % market share
… created the first operating system for the IBM 701
The Apple Macintosh, a low-cost workstation that emerged from early Alto computer concepts, was released in …
The type of operating system that is not directly linked to the computer is the … operating system
Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “There was no such thing when the first computers (develop) … following WWII”
Match the names of operating systems with their descriptions:
Identify the sequence of generations of computers (by their description):
The description of the generation of computers is down below: “Computers of this generation appeared, when IBM introduced the System/360, a line of software-compatible computers with varying levels of capability and price. Because the machines shared the same architecture and instruction set, programs created for one could be run on the other”. Which generation of computers is described in the text?
Engineers still have problems … with the use of standards, and quite often with their misuse and misunderstanding
Nothing is more … to a user than to try to use a new system that has turned functionality that previously was easy to use, into an obscure procedure that is difficult to use
… is the person responsible for accomplishing all project objectives
The standard markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser is …
… is a person who creates the high-level design of a technical system
… is an organized collection of data stored and accessed electronically
It is necessary to establish information-sharing procedures that are basic and straightforward to use in order to ensure that … is accessed
The standard markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser is called … (give the abbreviation)
Establish a correspondence between data types and their description:
Match the notions with the situations that describe them:
Arrange the stages of the development of the internet in chronological order:
Real-time operating systems (RTOS) … a special type of system software that is used to create and manage RTS
Inheritance … that a thread that blocks a resource inherits the priority of the thread it blocks
The disadvantage of the Self-Hosted RTOS is that most of the listed OS features are not used during the operation of an industrial computer and, therefore, … computer resources in vain
QNX … produced by QNX SoftWare Systems (USA) and is designed for high-critical applications that operate smoothly for years
The microkernel, process manager, device manager, file system manager, network manager belong to …
The interrupt latency is the time interval from …
Match the systems and their characteristics:
Match the operating systems and their release dates:
Match the units of data measurement with their characteristics:
Match the operating systems and their characteristics:
Arrange the units of measurement of the data in ascending order:
A real-time operating system (RTOS) is an operating system (OS) for real-time applications that processes data and events that have critically defined time constraints Give a proper explanation of the predictability of RTOS.
… was used in the first generation of computers
… computer is a type of computers that harnesses the collective properties of quantum states, such as superposition, interference, and entanglement, to perform calculations
… is an electronic machine that can store, organize and find information, do processes with numbers and other data, and control other machines
According to the … Institute, by 2055 unemployment will reach around 50 % of the total labor force (give or take 20 years depending on artificial intelligence growth)
The unfair situation in society when some people have more opportunities, money, etc. than other people is called …
The most significant worldwide danger is the rise in labor … when information technologies are implemented
Match the abbreviations and transcripts:
Bell Telephone Laboratories’ John Bardeen, Walter H. Brattain, and William Shockley devised the … in 1948
The transistor’s most significant advantage over the best vacuum tubes was that it …
A … is a device that stores electrical energy in an electric field
Match the terms and definitions:
Debian is a pre-compiled software that has over … packages and is based on the Linux kernel
The first operating system for the IBM 701 was created by …
A … operating system, often known as a multitasking OS, works by dedicating time to a certain activity and frequently switching between them
… is a Linux distribution that provides a free and open-source community-supported computing platform
Arrange in chronological order the emergence of inventions:
Arrange the operating systems in descending order of popularity in 2022 (according to website StatCounter GlobalStats):
Information management is an important part of knowledge-oriented businesses in the … century
Establish a correspondence between the concept and the definition:
… AE has been ported to leading high-availability CompactPCI platforms such as the CPX8000 from Motorola Computer Group
RTOS are operating systems that are characterized by … (choose 3 correct answers)
Context switch time is the time interval from …
Match the units of data measurement with their characteristics:
Match the concepts with their characteristics:
Establish a correspondence between RTOS and their types:
Arrange the states of tasks in typical RTOS designs in chronological order:
Prior to the transistor’s discovery in 1947, the only way to execute amplification of a weak current in an electronic circuit was to use a vacuum tube. What were the initial advantages transistors demonstrated over small vacuum tubes?
Most businesses don’t want to deal with non-core tasks, which include the IT infrastructure. And if it has to pay for a data center, it has to function at maximum efficiency. Crisis situations are exacerbating resource shortages. Enterprises are cutting IT budgets, investing less in long-term projects in general and in data centers in particular. It is impossible to abandon IT altogether – it is equal to giving up doing business, but phased financing and speed of commissioning come to the fore. What do today’s IT managers face while having limited budgetary resources to expand data centers?
A company deals with tasks which take a long time to complete. Each worker has their duties that can be done offline. It’s essential for managers to estimate how long a task will take to be completed. The company uses a time-sharing system and all the users are able to finish their work in the system at the same time. However they noticed their gadgets to slow down fast. Also the workers notice the inconvenience while managing large workloads. What may be causing these problems? What decision should the company make?
The OS-9 family of real-time operating systems has been in use for over 20 years, with more than 5 million installed copies. The range of OS-9 applications is wide – industrial automation, instrumental and measuring systems, military and space systems. Why has the OS-9 been so popular and widely used?
