Иностранный язык в профессиональной деятельности (ИСиТ/ Информационные системы и технологии Темы 1 -8) тест с ответами Синергия/МТИ/МОСАП

ПРОМЕЖУТОЧНЫЕ ТЕСТЫ + ИТОГОВЫЙ ТЕСТ

260 вопросов с ответами

Последний раз тест был сдан на 92 балла из 100 "Отлично"

Год сдачи - -2023.

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ПО ВСЕМ ВОПРОСАМ - ПИШИТЕ В ЛИЧНЫЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ✉️

1. Both Newton and Leibniz are credited with being the … of calculus.

*mathematicians

*inventors

*legacies

*breakthroughs

2. Calculus was a … that allowed for the solution of previously unsolvable problems.

*rivalry

*breakthrough

*feud

*polymath

3. His machine was called the "calculating clock," and it could add and … six-digit numbers.

4. In conclusion, logarithmic tables were an important computing tool in the past, and their use helped … complex calculations.

5. Match Russian equivalent to English phrases:

A. a square root of 4

B. divide by 4

C. multiply by 4

D. raise to the power of 4

E. add 4

F. корень квадратный из четырех

G. разделить на четыре

H. умножить на четыре

I. возвести в степень четырех

J. прибавить четыре

6. Match the first parts of the sentences with their second part:

A. Wilhelm Schickard’s machine

B. Leibniz's machine

C. Thomas de Colmar’s machine called the Arithmometer,

D. Willgodt T. Odhner’s machine, called the "Millionaire,"

E. was called the "calculating clock," and it could add and subtract six-digit numbers.

F. could perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, and it was much more reliable than previous machines.

G. could perform all four basic arithmetic operations, and it was the first commercially successful mechanical calculator.

H. was the first to use a new kind of mechanical mechanism, which made it faster and more reliable than previous machines.

7. Match translations to the English sentences:

A. The Engine worked by using gears and cranks to perform the mathematical calculations.

B. Calculus is a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of rates of change and accumulation.

C. Computing machines refer to devices that use mechanical parts to perform calculations or computations.

D. Машина работала с использованием шестеренок и рычагов для выполнения математических вычислений.

E. Исчисление — это раздел математики, который занимается изучением скоростей изменения и накопления.

F. Вычислительные машины относятся к устройствам, которые используют механические части для выполнения вычислений или расчетов.

8. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Calculus is used

2 in a many fields, from

3 physics and engineering

4 to economics and finance

9. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 The mantissa is

2 the decimal part of the logarithm

3  and

4 the integer part

10. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 His logarithmic tables were

2 published in 1614

3 and quickly became

4 popular among mathematicians,

5 scientists, and engineers

11. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Having paved the way for

2 the digital machines we

3 use today, these early computing machines

4 were important for the development of

5 modern computers

12. Read a programmer’s monologue below and answer the question. Recently, I had the opportunity to get involved in an exciting project where I programmed an interactive tool with a user-friendly interface, replicating the functionality of a traditional arithmetic device. To accomplish this, I utilized a combination of JavaScript, HTML, and CSS to develop the foundation of the program. I wrote code for various functions and operators, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, enabling users to perform calculations easily. I wrote code to replicate the movement of beads along rods to represent numbers. By applying JavaScript's event listeners and DOM manipulation, I ensured a seamless user experience, allowing users to input numbers and interact with the virtual device. The CSS styling brought visual appeal to the interface, enhancing its usability and clarity. Overall, I'm thrilled with the outcome of this project and confident that the implemented code will provide users with an engaging and intuitive online experience. What online tool did the programmer develop?

13. Read the text below and fill in the gap in the summary of the text. Here's a sample simplified code snippet in Python used when dealing with exponential growth of money supply. In real-world scenarios, factors like compounding periods and additional contributions or withdrawals would need to be considered for accurate calculations:import mathinitial_money = 1000 # Initial amount of moneyinterest_rate = 0.05 # Annual interest rateyears = 10 # Number of years # Calculate the final money mass after the given number of years final_money = initial_money * math.exp(interest_rate * years)# Calculate the logarithm base 10 of the final money mass log_money = math.log10(final_money)# Print the results print(f"Initial money: ${initial_money}")print(f"Final money after {years} years: ${final_money:.2f}")print(f"Logarithm base 10 of final money: {log_money:.2f}")In summary, using the math.log () function, we calculate the logarithm … 10 of the final money supply.

14. Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz were involved in a bitter … .

*rivalry

*invention

*breakthrough

*polymath

15. The abacus was very important in ancient times because it allowed people to do … quickly and accurately.

16. The user would input the numbers into the machine by turning … , and the machine would then perform the calculation and print the result on paper.

17. It … all the data that the computer needs to access in the future, such as the operating system, programs, and files.

18. Match the English sentences with their Russian translations:

A. A wide range of games involve creating a character and exploring a virtual world, completing quests, and interacting with other characters.

B. A large quantity of games typically simulate real-world sports, such as football, basketball, or volleyball.

C. Many games often involve managing resources and planning strategies to achieve specific goals.

D. A lot of computer games should be played in moderation, and players should take breaks regularly to avoid eye strain and other health issues

E. Most games can be a fun way to pass the time, and they also have potential benefits, such as improving cognitive skills and serving as educational tools.  

F. Широкий спектр игр включает в себя создание персонажа и исследование виртуального мира, выполнение заданий и взаимодействие с другими персонажами.

G. Большое количество игр обычно имитируют спорт реального мира, такие как футбол, баскетбол или волейбол.

H. Многие игры часто включают управление ресурсами и планирование стратегий для достижения определенных целей.

I. Многие компьютерные игры следует играть с умеренностью, и игрокам рекомендуется регулярно делать перерывы, чтобы избежать напряжения глаз и других проблем со здоровьем.

J. Большинство игр могут быть веселым способом провести время, а также имеют потенциальные преимущества, такие как улучшение когнитивных навыков и служение в качестве образовательных инструментов.

19. Match the first halves of the sentences with their second halves a-d:

A. Computers have made learning more accessible:

B. In offices, people use computers to create presentations, documents, and spreadsheets

C. Computers have made communication much easier:

D. Computers are very helpful in agriculture:

E. with the help of the internet, we can access a vast amount of information on any subject we want to learn about.

F. which has made it easier for them to organize and share information with their colleagues

G. with the help of computers, we can easily send emails, messages, and make video calls to anyone in the world

H. with the help of sensors and computer algorithms, farmers can collect data on soil moisture, temperature, and other factors that affect plant growth.

20. Match the words to make up collocations:

A. improve

B. track

C. treat

D. achieve

E. take  

F. performance

G. changes

H. neurological conditions

I. goals

J. online courses

21. One of the most notable features of modern computer science is its …

*focus on innovation and problem-solving.

*ability to process and store information.

*use in the healthcare industry.

*interdisciplinary nature.

22. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Modern computer

2 science and

3 technology have

4 transformed the way

5 we live, work, and communicate

23. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 A glucose monitor

2 is a device that

3 is implanted under

3 the skin to

5 monitor blood sugar levels

24. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 This data Is

2 processed and

3 analyzed by

4 powerful algorithms

5 providing healthcare

6 professionals with

7 valuable insights.

25. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 The interdisciplinary

2 approach has led to

3 breakthroughs in areas such

4 as artificial intelligence, robotics

5 and bioinformatics

26. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 In medicine

2 BCIs could

3 be used to

4 treat neurological conditions such as

5 Parkinson's disease and epilepsy

27. Read a dialogue between two crypto currency miners and answer a question on it:

Miner 1: Hey, I'm thinking of upgrading my rig for mining. Any thoughts on which model would be better for mining different coins?

Miner 2: Well, the CPU isn't really the key player in mining. It's all about this one.

Miner 1: Ah, got it. So, we're talking about the one that handles the heavy calculations?

Miner 2: Exactly! The speed of it is crucial for efficient mining.

Miner 1: Makes sense. So, which one would you recommend for mining specific coins?

Miner 2: It depends on the coin. Some coins require more processing power, while others benefit from higher clock speeds.

Miner 1: Interesting. So, we need to find the "right one" for each coin's algorithm.

Miner 2: Absolutely. One with higher gigahertz can handle complex calculations faster, resulting in better mining performance.

Miner 1: Great! Let's do some research to find the ideal one for each coin we want to mine.

Question: What computer component are they discussing?

28. Read the dialogue between two game developers and answer the question below:

Dev1: Hey, we need to optimize our game.

Dev2: Totally! Let's make sure the game runs smoothly on computers with less of it.

Dev1: Yeah, let's start by reducing the size of our game files. We can compress textures and audio without losing quality. Gotta fit within those limits!

Dev2: Good call. We should also manage it dynamically, so we use it efficiently.

Dev1: And we need to be careful not to use too much of it. We want our game to be lightweight and fast.

Dev2: Definitely. We can optimize our code and data structures. Efficiency is key.

Dev1: Lastly, let's give players options to adjust graphics settings. That way, they can find the right balance for their systems.

Dev2: Great idea. Customizable graphics will make sure everyone can play our game without lags or crashes.

Question: In this dialogue, what piece of hardware do the developers discuss optimizing their game for?

29. Read what happened to one Internet user and answer the question below:

You know, I've always thought I was pretty tech-savvy. I mean, I know my way around the internet and all that. So when I heard about this thing, I thought it was the perfect solution. Little did I know that using it would lead to a disaster I never saw coming.

You see, I wanted to access some content that was blocked in my region. It's not like I was doing anything illegal or shady, just wanted to watch a show that wasn't available here. So, I decided to give this whole thing a try. It seemed pretty straightforward: you just connect through a different server and voila! Unblocked content, right?

Well, turns out I was wrong. Dead wrong. You see, this thing acted as an intermediary between me and the internet. It intercepted all my requests and responses, kind of like a middleman. And yeah, it could even mask my IP address, which sounded pretty cool at the time.But here's the catch. It didn't encrypt my internet traffic. And I didn't know any better. So, all the data I sent and received, everything was out there in the open for anyone to see. Can you imagine? My personal information, my browsing history, everything was just floating around, vulnerable to interception and monitoring by those third-party creeps.

I thought I was being clever, finding a way to bypass those restrictions. But instead, I unknowingly put myself at risk. And let me tell you, it's a horrible feeling to know that someone could be snooping around in your private stuff.

I wish I had known about this other thing. It's like a shield for your internet connection, encrypting everything that goes back and forth between your device and its server. That would have saved me from this nightmare. Plus, it gives you a new IP address, adding an extra layer of protection to your privacy.

So, here's the lesson I learned the hard way: not all methods of accessing blocked content are created equal. Yeah, proxies and VPNs might seem similar on the surface, but they're not the same. And when it comes to security, VPNs are the way to go. Trust me, you don't want to experience the heartache and stress of having your personal data stolen like I did.

In this day and age, when everything is connected to the internet, it's crucial to be aware of the risks and take the necessary precautions. So, do yourself a favor and make sure you're using a secure connection. Don't make the same mistake I did.

Question: What did the person use to connect to blocked content?

30. The … is like the nervous system of a computer.

31. The … of RAM a computer has can affect its performance.

32. These programs can be used for a wide range of purposes, such as word processing, gaming, and web ….

33. What is an example of an implantable computer used in medicine?

*Glucose monitor

*Neuralink

*SimCity

*silicon pads

34. Which application of advanced modern computers in medicine helps improve the efficiency and accuracy of patient care?

*Electronic health records (EHRs)

*Medical imaging technologies

*Glucose monitors

*Implantable devices for neurological conditions 

35. Electronic gadgets regulate electric … or voltage to carry out different operations.

*currency

*current

*curriculum

*field

36. Find the best preposition for each English phrase:

A. to handle signals ______high frequencies

B. to describe the flow of electricity __________a vacuum

C. to help protect ________potential breaches

D. to keep _________with what’s going on around us

E. to result ______improved performance and functionality of the integrated circuits

F. at

G. through

H. against

I. up

J. in

37. If the system allows us to distantly control temperature, lights, and security in our homes, it is called … .

38. Match the English phrases below with their Russian translations:

A. have properties between those of conductors and insulators.

B. prone to overheating and had a limited lifespan.

C. about 5 billionths of a meter for advanced computer chips.

D. has a vast range of applications in our daily lives, including communication, entertainment, healthcare, and energy

E. has allowed for the creation of lightweight and convenient devices like smartphones, laptops, and tablets.

F. имеют свойства, находящиеся между проводниками и изоляторами.

G. подвержены перегреву и имеют ограниченный срок службы.

H. около 5 миллиардных долей метра для современных компьютерных микросхем.

I. имеет широкий спектр применений в нашей повседневной жизни, включая коммуникацию, развлечения, здравоохранение и энергетику.

J. позволил создавать легкие и удобные устройства, такие как смартфоны, ноутбуки и планшеты.

39. Match the first halves of the sentences with their second halves a-d:

A. The traditional mask-based laser technology requires

B. X-ray beams are directly projected onto the semiconductor material, eliminating

C. Yet, X-ray maskless lithography represents,

D. In the conventional mask-based laser technology, a mask with preset circuit patterns is used to project laser beams onto a semiconductor material, selectively removing or

E. expensive and time-consuming masks for each circuit design iteration

F. the need for physical masks and accelerating photocopying of ICs

G. technical hardships, necessitating high-energy X-ray sources and precise beam control

H. changing certain areas on the silicon wafer.

40. Match the technical terms below with their characteristics:

A. Semiconductors

B. Transistors

C. Vacuum tubes

D. Micro-chips

E. Germanium crystal

F. Used in the development of transistors

G. Operate based on the principle of semiconductors

H. Prone to overheating and limited lifespan

I. Smallest gap between transistors on their wafer is about 5 billionths of a meter (nm)

J. Used in the development of transistors

41. One of the main advantages of X-ray maskless lithography is that it allows for production of circuits of higher … .

42. Put the lines in the dialogue between a processor supplier and a smartphone manufacturer in a chronological order, separate the numbers with 1 gap. Supplier: I apologize for the inconvenience, but we have currently run out of 6-nm micro-chips. However, we do have an alternative option available. We can offer you 2000 micro-chips with a size of 12 nanometers (nm) at half the regular price. Supplier: Hello, this is Winder-Chip Supply Company. How may I assist you today? Supplier: Certainly! We specialize in providing micro-chips for various electronic devices. How many micro-chips are you looking to order? Producer: Hi, this is SmartTech, a smartphone production company. I'm calling to inquire about ordering some micro-chips. Producer: Thank you for the offer, but we are specifically looking for 6-nm microchips for our smartphones. The 6-nm chips provide us with better performance and power efficiency, which aligns with our product's specifications and requirements. Therefore, we cannot consider the 12-nm chips as a suitable substitute. Producer: We are interested in purchasing 1000 micro-chips with a size of 6 nanometers (nm). Do you have them in stock? Supplier: You're welcome! Have a great day as well, and we'll be in touch soon. Goodbye. Producer: We appreciate your efforts, but at the moment, we cannot compromise on the quality and performance of our smartphones. We will wait for the availability of the 6-nm micro-chips. Please let us know as soon as they are back in stock, and we will proceed with our order. Supplier: Certainly, we value your business and understand your need for the specific micro-chips. We will prioritize restocking the 6-nm chips and inform you promptly once they are available. Thank you for considering Micro-Chip Supply Company, and we look forward to serving you in the future. Supplier: I understand your concerns. Unfortunately, due to the high demand for 6-nm micro-chips, our stock has been depleted. We are actively working to restock them, but it may take some time. Is there any flexibility in your requirements, or can we assist you with any other products or services? Producer: Thank you for your understanding and assistance. We'll eagerly await your update on the availability of the 6-nm micro-chips. Have a great day.

43. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Chips contain

2 millions of electronic

3 components on

4 a single silicon wafer

44. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 A strong password should include

2 a combination of not only

3 lowercase

4 but also

5 uppercase letters

45. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Unlike vacuum tubes,

2 transistors are

3 compact and can be

4 integrated onto small silicon chips,

46. Read what a representative of a chip manufacturer tells us about one aspect of their manufacturing technology and answer the question below. As a chip producer that aims to accomplish higher levels of power efficiency and scalability, we utilize this type of transistors, which employ extremely thin wires as channels. The nanoscale size of the wires allows for better control over the flow of electrons, enabling faster switching speeds and enhanced functionality in electronic devices. This is one of the key cutting edges of our production. Question: What type of transistor do they use in their processors?

47. The element inside a vacuum tube that together with electrodes controls the flow of electric current is referred to as a … .

48. Transistors are called the building … of modern electronics.

49. What advantage do field-effect transistors (FETs) have over earlier types of them?

*Lower power consumption

*Higher frequency handling capability

*Easier fabrication process

*Better temperature stability

50. What can we access using electronics?

*Huge amounts of information

*Entertainment devices

*Healthcare equipment

*Renewable energy technologies

51. What do diodes do in an electronic circuit?

*Store and release electrical energy

*Restrict the flow of electric current

*Amplify or switch electronic signals

*Let current flow in one direction while blocking it in the opposite direction

52. What was one of the limitations of point-contact transistors connected to their fragility?

*It was not hard to break them due to their delicacy

*They were Inconsistent in their performance

*They were sensitive to the environment

*They were complex to make

53. A touchpad, also referred to as a … , is a widely utilized input device found on laptops. Users can navigate, click, scroll, and perform various other actions by moving their fingers across a smooth surface.

54. Data Management Platforms (DMPs) are designed to … data and analyze various forms of information, including customer details, website traffic, and the performance of marketing campaigns.

55. How does a Data Management Platform (DMP) work?

*By encrypting customer information for secure storage.

*By providing multi-user support for data access and modification.

*By collecting and organizing data from various sources for analysis.

*By offering biometric authentication for data protection.

56. Match the English phrases with their Russian equivalents:

A. Boost network connectivity

B. Enhance security measures

C. Improve system compatibility

D. Enhance user interface

E. Enhance audio output  

F. Усилить сетевое соединение

G. Усилить меры безопасности

H. Улучшить совместимость системы

I. Улучшить пользовательский интерфейс

J. Улучшить звуковой вывод

57. Match the English sentences below with their Russian translations:

A. Эти умные линзы имеют встроенные дисплеи, позволяющие носителям просматривать цифровую информацию непосредственно на своих глазах.

B. Оборудованные дисплеями и сенсорами, умные очки предоставляют возможность дополненной реальности (AR), накладывая цифровую информацию на реальный мир.

C. Вживляемые устройства, такие как слуховые имплантаты и нейростимуляторы, обеспечивают сенсорный вывод или стимулируют нервы, помогая в слухе или движении.

D. Эти высокотехнологичные периферийные устройства предлагают захватывающие возможности для погружения в виртуальный мир и улучшенной доступности в различных областях.

E. Безопасность данных важна для соблюдения законов о защите данных и для защиты конфиденциальной информации.

 F. These smart lenses have embedded displays, allowing wearers to view digital information directly on their eyes.

G. Equipped with displays and sensors, smart glasses provide augmented reality (AR) experiences, overlaying digital information onto the real world.

H. Implantable devices, such as cochlear implants and neurostimulators, provide sensory output or stimulate nerves, assisting with hearing or movement.

I. These high-tech peripherals offer exciting possibilities for immersive experiences and enhanced accessibility in various fields.

J. Data security is important to ensure compliance with data protection laws and to protect sensitive information.

58. Match the first and the second halves of the sentences below:

A. Biometric authentication is available as a feature in some input devices,

B. Privacy shields on keyboards and laptops are designed

C. Some input devices, particularly webcams and microphones,

D. such as fingerprint scanners integrated into keyboards or touchpads.

E. to prevent shoulder surfing and enhance user privacy by blocking the view of the screen or keyboard input from unauthorized angles.

F. come with physical disconnect switches that physically disconnect the device from the computer.

59. One of the key features of a DBMS is … .

*Cost reduction in data management.

*Improved data quality and reliability.

*Integration with wireless input devices.

*Support for virtual reality applications.

60. One of the primary functions of a DBMS is to ensure the … of data through the implementation of constraints, triggers, and referential integrity.

61. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 The CPU, or, the

2 processor, is

3 the main

4 part of a computer

62. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 RAM is a type of memory

2 that stores data

3 temporarily while

4 the computer is on

63. Read the following dialogue between a company’s owner and a programmer and answer the question below. Write one word only. The programmer: The guys think the design is pretty slick. Have you tested it? Is it intuitive? The owner: Well, yes…. And I think you should give it more enhancements. The user needs a more seamless and intuitive experience, or they will have difficulty generating reports, statements, invoices and inputting primary payment documents. Can you add a “send to all” button for the staff and build in a word processor to check the spelling in reports? And also we need an online goods return and customer complaint processor. The programmer: Sure, no problem. What would you like me to include in it?...Question: What aspect of the corporate network are the programmer and the company owner discussing?

64. Read the text below and answer the question below: As a programmer, I face challenges when writing code for the latest models of this part in computers. This piece of hardware can be tricky and needs careful work. People want realistic graphics, and there's a new technology that creates lifelike visuals by simulating light in real-time. It allows computers to show amazing graphics in games and rendering. But coding drivers for it and making it work well can be tough. It's an ongoing effort to get the best performance and compatibility for this extremely important computer part. What kind of hardware does the programmer mean?

65. Speakers play a vital role in providing output for audio or sound, which is essential for multimedia applications, gaming, and … of audio content.

66. The primary responsibility of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) is to perform calculations, execute instructions, and oversee the … of data within a computer system.

67. What is the main function of a Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

*Storing data temporarily while the computer is on.

*Providing audio or sound output.

*Rendering images, videos, and animations.

*Doing calculations, running instructions, and managing data processing.

68. Which input device allows users to perform gestures like tapping, swiping, and pinching?

*Keyboard

*Mouse

*Touchscreen

*Stylus

69. Which output device is used for printing large-format graphics or technical drawings?

*Monitor

*Printer

*Speakers

*Projector

70. HR solutions for software development teams help address the challenge of attracting and … top talent.

71. IT staff specialization ensures that each team member possesses deep technical … in their respective areas, such as software development, network administration, database management, or such like.

72. Match the English phrases below with their Russian translations:

A. utilizing applicant tracking systems (ATS), and implementing technical assessments to evaluate candidates' skills

B. introducing new hires to the company culture, policies, and procedures

C. assessing individual and team performance, setting goals, and providing constructive feedback

D. promoting job satisfaction, productivity, and employee retention E. addressing challenges such as recruitment, onboarding, skills development

F. Использование систем отслеживания подавших заявки на вакансии (ATS) и внедрение технических оценок для оценки навыков кандидатов

G. Ознакомление новых сотрудников с корпоративной культурой, политиками и процедурами компании

H. Оценка индивидуальной и командной эффективности, постановка целей и предоставление конструктивной обратной связи

I. Повышение удовлетворенности работой, производительности и удержания сотрудников

J. Решение таких задач, как подбор персонала, адаптация новых сотрудников, развитие навыков

73. Match the phrases with prepositions.

A. to upload the photo ___the computer

B. to include additional features ____subtitle support, equalizers, and playlists

C. to be known ____its robust security features

D. to make the most ___our digital devices

E. to access _____ the internet

F. to

G. like

H. for

I. of

J. –

74. Match types of software with their functions:

A. Operating Systems

B. Word Processing Programs

C. Spreadsheet Programs

D. Graphics Editors

E. Antivirus Programs

F. Controls hardware devices, manages files and folders, and facilitates the execution of other software programs

G. Offers tools for creating, editing, and formatting text-based documents

H. Enables users to create tables, perform calculations, generate charts, and automate calculations

I. Provides tools for manipulating and enhancing digital images or creating graphics

J. Protects computers from malicious software, scans files and programs for threats

75. One benefit of staff specialization in IT is increased ….

76. Operating systems are responsible for managing computer resources and providing an … .

77. Programming IDEs are used for writing, testing, and … computer programs.

78. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Graphics editing programs are

2 used for manipulating and enhancing

3 digital images

4 or creating

5 graphics from

6 scratch

79. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 LMS platforms like Moodle or Blackboard

2 enable educators to

3 create online courses,

4 share resources, assign

5 homework, conduct

6 quizzes, and provide

7 personalized feedback

80. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Enterprise Resource Planning

2 software enables seamless

3 coordination, real-time data

4 sharing, and streamlined

5 workflows, resulting in

6 improved productivity and

7 cost savings

1,2,3,4,5,6,7

81. Read a programmer’s monologue below and answer a question on it. I'm a programmer at our company, and I want to share some insights into the tasks I work on. Our main focus is keeping computers safe from harmful software and providing security features. My job involves writing code that scans files for potential threats. I have to create algorithms that analyze the code and look for suspicious patterns. We want to protect our users in real-time without slowing down their experience. We also work on adding security features to our product. Our aim is to give people peace of mind while they browse the internet. We use encryption to keep their sensitive information secure. We're always exploring new technologies to stay ahead of evolving threats. But it's not always easy. Hackers are getting smarter, and we need to constantly update our defenses. We also face challenges with compatibility across different systems. We're always working to make sure our software works well on various platforms. In summary, my role as a programmer involves protecting computers, scanning files, offering real-time protection, and providing security features. We want to make the internet a safer place for everyone. What product does the programmer’s company develop?

82. Read the below and answer a question on it.In our IT company, we have noticed that not properly introducing new hires to the software development team has caused some problems. When they join us, they struggle to understand our company's values, rules, and how things work. It becomes difficult for them to access the software tools they need for their work. They also feel unsupported and disconnected because we don't assign mentors or buddies to guide them in the beginning. Additionally, without team integration activities, it's hard for them to work well with their colleagues. These challenges show the importance of having a structured process to help new team members transition smoothly and become successful in our company. What HR-solution does the company lack?

83. Read the monologue below and answer a question on it. Use one word. Hey there! As a programmer, I've been working on a project using Unity3D, and it's been quite an adventure. I've been diving into the world of code to create an immersive experience that brings together stunning visuals, dynamic interactions, and captivating storytelling. In this project, I'm utilizing Unity3D's powerful features and tools to craft an interactive environment where you can explore, interact with objects, and navigate through various challenges. I've been focusing on designing intuitive controls, implementing realistic physics, and fine-tuning the overall performance for a smooth and enjoyable experience. To bring this project to life, I've been working on scripting intricate behaviors for characters and objects, ensuring they react and respond realistically to player input. It's all about creating a seamless and engaging world where you can get lost in the adventure. One of the exciting aspects of this project is the incorporation of captivating visuals and audio. I'm utilizing Unity3D's rendering capabilities to create stunning graphics, realistic lighting, and immersive sound effects that enhance the overall atmosphere and draw players deeper into the experience. Collaboration is key, too. I've been working closely with a talented team of artists and designers who contribute their creative assets, including visually stunning models and captivating animations, that make this project truly shine. It's been a thrilling journey so far, and I can't wait to see the final result. The project is shaping up to be an immersive and exciting experience, one that will keep players engaged, entertained, and wanting more. Stay tuned for what's to come! Question: What is the speaker programming?

84. What is one benefit of staff specialization in IT?

*Increased productivity

*Reduced costs

*Enhanced creativity

*Improved work-life balance

85. What is one of the challenges addressed by HR solutions for software development teams?

*Creating visually stunning and immersive experiences

*Managing complex manufacturing and logistics processes

*Attracting and retaining top talent

*Streamlining hotel operations

 86. What is the function of operating systems?

*Creating and editing text-based documents

*Managing computer resources and providing an interface

*Organizing, analyzing, and manipulating numerical data

*Enabling users to access and navigate the internet

87. What is the purpose of Programming IDEs?

*Creating and editing text-based documents

*Managing computer resources and providing an interface

*Writing, testing, and debugging computer programs

*Protecting computers from malicious software

88. … operation algorithms are sets of instructions that govern how a computer performs specific tasks or operations within a software application.

89. A CRM system is set up to … data coming from the marketing department and customer support with the sales management system.

*overlap

*exchange

*change

*convert

90. Advanced Encryption Standard is a widely adopted encryption …used to secure sensitive data

91. GitHub can act as a user manual through README files in … , which provide essential instructions and guidelines for understanding and using projects effectively.

*repositories

*deposits

*English

*Python

92. In an engineering system an intricate … of connected parts that work together for a specific purpose

*web

*network

*net

*maze

93. Match Russian phrases with their English equivalents

A. управлять цепочкой поставок

B. управлять ресурсами предприятия

C. оптимизировать использование ресурсов

D. To handle a supply chain

E. To manage enterprise resources

F. To perfect resource utilization 

94. Match the English sentences with their Russian translations:

A. Because it allows for scheduling, resource allocation, and predictive maintenance, industrial software helps companies optimize resource utilization, reducing waste and costs.

B. Staff need proper training to effectively use and manage industrial software, as it may require technical knowledge and skills.

C. The algorithms of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are being applied to industrial software to improve predictive maintenance, optimize processes, and enhance decision-making.

D. The algorithm finds applications in various domains, such as network routing and navigation systems. E. The algorithm repeatedly divides the search space in half, narrowing down the possibilities until the desired item is found.  

F. Позволяя планировать, распределять ресурсы и предсказывать техническое обслуживание, промышленное программное обеспечение помогает компаниям оптимизировать использование ресурсов, уменьшая отходы и издержки.

G. Сотрудникам необходимо получить должное обучение, чтобы эффективно использовать и управлять промышленным программным обеспечением, поскольку это может потребовать технических знаний и навыков.

H. Алгоритмы искусственного интеллекта и машинного обучения применяются в промышленном программном обеспечении для улучшения предсказательного обслуживания, оптимизации процессов и улучшения принятия решений.

I. Этот алгоритм находит применение в различных областях, таких как маршрутизация сети и системы навигации.

J. Этот алгоритм многократно делит пространство поиска пополам, сужая возможности, пока не будет найден нужный элемент.

95. Match the first and the second parts to make up phrases

A. GitHub

B. to customize

C. troubleshooting

D. repositories

E. websites

F. tips

96. Match the terms with their definitions:

A. Graph Algorithms

B. Sorting Algorithms

C. Search Algorithms

D. algorithms that analyze and solve problems related to interconnected data structures, such as networks and social graphs

E. algorithms that are responsible for arranging data in a specific order

F. algorithms that allow us to find specific items within a collection of data efficiently

97. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Printed Manuals are

2 physical booklets

3 or pamphlets that

4 accompany a product

98. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 For those starting programming

2 from scratch,

3 user manuals tailored

4 for beginners are crucial 

99. Read a programmer’s monologue below and answer the question below: As a programmer, I helped my employer save money on conveyor belt repairs. Using this software, we planned and scheduled maintenance activities, reducing downtime and improving reliability. By following regular maintenance schedules, we minimized the need for costly emergency repairs. The software proved valuable in optimizing maintenance operations and saving money on conveyor belt repairs. Questions: How else are repairs called for which the special software was used?

100. Read the informal monologue of an IT-specialist who complains about a problem. Answer the question below. Use only 1 word for your answer.

Hey, so you won't believe the situation I'm in right now. Remember how I was in charge of encrypting and protecting all the important stuff for the company? Well, guess what? I somehow managed to lose something crucial that's making it impossible to access our data.

And now, the company owners are freaking out and taking legal action against me!

To make matters even more complicated, there's this new IT specialist that I've been having a thing with. But here's the kicker—I suspect she might have something to do with the data loss! Can you believe it? Talk about a messed-up situation.

I just want to clarify that this whole mess wasn't intentional or because I was slacking off. It was just some crazy technical glitch that happened despite all the security measures I had in place. But man, it's causing a lot of trouble, and I can understand why the company owners are so mad.

I'm doing everything I can to cooperate with the investigation and try to fix things. I mean, I never meant for any of this to happen, and it sucks that it's affecting the business so badly. I hope we can find a way to sort it all out and get things back on track soon.

Question: As a specialist responsible for encryption what has the man lost that's making it impossible to access their data?

101. Software that is available at no cost to the user. is called …

102. Which software package assists in tasks like word processing, spreadsheet creation, email management, and presentation design?

*Operating systems

*Productivity software

*Graphics and multimedia software

*Entertainment software

103. Which type of software package is developed collaboratively, with its source code freely available for modification and distribution?

*Proprietary

*Open-source

*Freeware

*Commercial

104. Big Data is a … now. This means that Big Data is a popular topic in the technology industry.

*buzzword

*open-source framework

*significant challenge

*vast amount

105. Big Data presents … challenges and opportunities for IT professionals.

*significant

*complex

*distributed

*up-to-date

106. By using specialized …, innovative solutions, and ongoing research and development, we can effectively store and manage Big Data.

107. DNA storage is a potential solution for storing vast amounts of data in a small space and can last for thousands of years. However, it is still in the early stages of … and requires more research.

*processing

*challenge

*development

*sequencing

108. Hard disk drives are … failure.

*processed for

*significant for

*prone to

*allow for

109. IaaS provides companies with virtualized computing resources, while PaaS provides tools for software development and deployment in the….

110. In Russia, companies must store personal data on servers located within the country, and they must obtain the consent of the data …for any data processing

111. Make up word combinations

A. innovative

B. prone to

C. ensuring

D. enormous

E. data

F. solutions

G. failure

H. security and privacy

I. amount

J. subject

112. Match the beginning of each sentence with its end:

A. Data is important in the modern era,

B. SSDs are less prone to physical damage than HDDs,

C. In Russia, companies must store personal data on servers located within the country,

D. Each type of data has its own unique storage requirements,

E. Solid-state drives, while faster than hard disk drives,

F. and there is a need for its secure and reliable storage and management solutions.

G. but they are more expensive and have a limited lifespan H. and they use local data centers to comply with this requirement.

I. and companies must ensure that they are storing their data in a secure, reliable, and accessible way.

J. have limited write cycles and can wear out quickly

113. Match the questions with their answers:

A. Which storage device has spinning disks or platters that store data magnetically?

B. Which storage device is faster, more durable, and less prone to physical damage than HDDs?

C. Which storage device allows users to store data on remote servers accessed through the internet?

D. Which data storage lasts for millions of years and can fit in a test tube?  

E. DNA

F. Solid-State Drives (SSDs)

G. Cloud Storage

H. Hard Disk Drives (HDDs)

114. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Companies and

2 organizations are storing

3 a wide range

4 of sensitive data

115. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 There are several

2 federal laws

3 that govern the storage

4 and protection of data

116. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 You can use a

2 Python library

3 called pandas for

4 batch processing

117. Read the monologue and answer the question below, use only one word.

As a programmer involved in programming a neural network, our team employs several methods of data processing to optimize our network's performance. Let me enumerate a few of these methods:

1. We organize and structure our data meticulously, breaking it down into portions. This approach helps us process a large volume of data effectively.

2. To facilitate the network's learning process, we introduce real-time adjustments, allowing it to update its internal model as it processes each batch of data. This iterative learning helps improve the network's accuracy over time.

3. Our neural network is designed to handle dynamic and complex data by utilizing a streaming approach. By enabling a continuous flow of data, we enable the network to analyze real-time inputs and respond swiftly to changing conditions.

4. We also use parallel processing, distributing the computational workload across multiple resources. This technique enables us to process multiple batches simultaneously, enhancing the overall efficiency of our network.

5. Additionally, our team employs a distributed system, utilizing interconnected computers that collaborate to process and analyze data. This distributed setup allows us to handle large-scale datasets and achieve faster processing speeds.

Now, keeping in mind the above techniques, there is one particular data processing method that I have described without explicitly naming it.

Question: Can you guess which data processing method the programmer meant?

118. Read the monologue and answer the question below, use only one word .Last year our online shop decided to store client data on a virtual server as it is cost-effective, and accessible from anywhere with an internet connection. However, the facility that we chose failed to adequately protect our client's data. Unfortunately, unauthorized individuals gained access to our storage servers, resulting in the theft of sensitive client data. This breach has raised serious concerns about data privacy and the security measures implemented by the provider. Question: What data storage is discussed?

119. Sometimes batch processing, real-time processing, and stream processing can be…, like in traffic monitoring or managing bank transactions.

120. There are three main features of Big Data, which are Volume, Velocity, and ….

*speed

*variety

*storage

*accessibility

121. Volume … to the enormous amount of data generated every day.

122. A low-… language closely interacts with the computer's hardware.

123. Algorithms that follow a linear sequence of steps, executing one after another, are called….

124. Choose an algorithm that best … with your specific needs and constraints

125. Clustering algorithms can be sensitive to outliers and noise, … the clustering process.

*impacting

*breaching

*preventing

*compacting

126. Divide and …algorithms divide a problem into smaller subproblems, solving each subproblem independently, and combining the solutions to obtain the final result.

127. Read the monologue and answer the question below. As a programmer, I work with a versatile and beginner-friendly language that is highly regarded for its simplicity and readability. This language finds extensive application in web development, scientific computing, data analysis, and artificial intelligence. Within this language, there are numerous libraries and frameworks available, including ones like Django and Flask, which streamline the creation of web applications. Its emphasis on readability and ease of use has made it a preferred option among developers, both novices and seasoned professionals alike. Question: What language does the speaker program in?

128. Even though Fortran provided a higher level of … compared to assembly language, it was still considered less user-readable.

*readability

*abstraction

*compression

*creativity

129. Iterative algorithms execute a set of instructions repeatedly until a specific condition is ….

*answered

*left

*imposed

*met

130. Match definitions with terms

A. a technique used in data analysis to group similar objects together based on their similarities

B. algorithms that involve repetition or looping

C. algorithms that involve solving a problem by breaking it down into smaller, similar sub problems

D. algorithms that involve making decisions based on certain conditions

E. algorithms that can be used to identify and handle outliers effectively

F. Clustering

G.  Iterative algorithms

H. Recursive algorithms

I. Selection algorithms

J. DBSCAN algorithms

131. Match terms with their definitions

A. Outliers

B. noise

C. Solidity

D. K-nearest neighbors

E. Swift

F. data points significantly different from others

G. irrelevant or random variations in the data

H. a programming language specifically designed for writing smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain I. an algorithm that finds similar data points and makes predictions based on their neighbors

J. a programming language used for iOS, macOS, watchOS, and tvOS app development

132. Match the English phrases with their Russian translations:

A. A code snippet

B. To abstract out hardware details

C. To add a value to a variable

D. To provide built-in/embedded functionalities

E. To have trade-offs

F. Фрагмент кода

G. Отделять детали аппаратуры

H. Добавлять значение к переменной

I. Давать как выгоду, так и потери

J. Предоставлять встроенный функционал

133. Match the English sentences with their Russian translations:

A. Following a linear sequence of steps does not involve branching or repetition.

B. Various methods, such as the elbow method or silhouette analysis, can help determine the optimal number of clusters.

C. Challenges such as determining the optimal number of clusters and handling outliers need to be addressed for accurate results in clustering

D. This language is known for its efficiency and speed, making it a popular choice for applications where performance is crucial

E. As technology continues to evolve, new languages will emerge, expanding the possibilities for developers and shaping the future of programming

F. Следование линейной последовательности шагов не включает ветвление или повторение.

G. Различные методы, такие как метод локтя или анализ силуэта, могут помочь определить оптимальное количество кластеров.

H. Для достижения точных результатов в кластеризации необходимо решить такие проблемы, как определение оптимального числа кластеров и работа с выбросами.

I. Этот язык известен своей эффективностью и скоростью, что делает его популярным выбором для приложений, где производительность имеет решающее значение

J. По мере развития технологий будут появляться новые языки, расширяя возможности для разработчиков и формируя будущее программирования.

134. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 C++ built upon

2 C and added

3 object-oriented programming features,

4 providing even greater

5 flexibility 

135. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Algorithms play

2 a crucial role in programming

3 because they

4 determine how efficiently a

5 task can be accomplished 

136. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Programming languages

2 are tools that

3 allow us to give instructions

4 to computers

137. Python is known for its simplicity and readability, making it … to beginners

*recessive

*accessible

*assessable

*assertive

138. Read the monologue and answer the question below. As a programmer developing an image generation model like DALL-E, PyTorch is my go-to tool. With its powerful deep learning capabilities and intuitive syntax, PyTorch empowers me to design, train, and refine complex neural networks. The extensive PyTorch ecosystem provides pre-built modules and utilities for computer vision tasks, enhancing the model's ability to generate visually appealing images from text. The active PyTorch community offers valuable resources and support. Integration with hardware accelerators like GPUs ensures efficient training and inference. With PyTorch, I confidently explore the boundaries of AI-generated imagery and push the limits of creativity. What programming language does the programmer use?

139. Read the monologue and answer the question below. As a programmer, I had the opportunity to delve into a language that proved to be quite challenging to learn. This language is widely used for system-level programming, game development, and tasks involving critical performance, such as the online banking system I work on. It offers low-level access to computer memory and powerful abstractions, making it incredibly versatile. The language's efficiency and speed are highly regarded, making it an ideal choice for applications that prioritize performance. Some of the functionalities I coded included user authentication and authorization processes, handling account balances and transactions, implementing encryption algorithms for data protection, generating financial reports, and integrating with external payment gateways for seamless transactions. Additionally, I worked on optimizing database queries and enhancing the overall performance of the online banking system to provide a smooth user experience. Question: What language does the speaker program in?

140. Selection algorithms use … statements, such as "if" and "else," to determine which set of instructions to execute.

141. Some algorithms may … time and efficiency but require more memory.

*increase

*prioritize

*popularize

*propagandize

142. The … structure and the `+=` operator make it clear that we are summing the numbers from 1 to 10

143. … involve managing resources and planning strategies to achieve specific goals.

*Action games

*Simulation games

*Strategy games

*Sports games

144. … is important in software systems as it allows them to handle increased workloads and accommodate growing user bases

145. … means the speed at which data is created and processed

146. A … system will maintain a steady performance level and will not crash or fail unexpectedly.

147. A firewall is a security measure that controls incoming and outgoing network ….

148. A stylus is a pen-like … device used for precise input on touchscreens or graphics tablets.

149. According to the Federal Law on Personal Data in Russia, companies must store personal data on servers located within the country and obtain the … of the data subject for any data processing.

150. Blockchain is primarily used for …

*Performing calculations quickly and accurately

*Storing large amounts of data

*Creating simulations and predictive models

*Recording secure transactions. 

151. Cloud storage raises concerns about data …, security, and dependence on a third-party service provider

152. Clustering finds application in biology where it allows for categorizing … based on genetic similarities.

153. Dijkstra's algorithm is used to find the shortest path between … in a graph

154. Electrical energy is stored and released by … .

155. Electronic devices manipulate electric … or voltage to perform various functions.

156. Equipped with displays and sensors, smart glasses provide … reality (AR) experiences

157. Find a Russian equivalent for each English phrase:

A. a central processing Unit

B. solid-state drive

C. cognitive skills

D. random access memory

E. interdisciplinary approach

F. центральный процессор

G. твердотельный накопитель

H. умственные способности

I. оперативная память

J. междисциплинарный подход

158. Haptic feedback can only be used with what kind of input device?

*Touchscreens

*Mouse

*Keyboard

*Microphone

159. He even designed a version that could calculate square and cube ….

160. How do recursive algorithms solve problems?

*By breaking them down into subproblems and solving each subproblem independently.

*By repeating a set of instructions until a specific condition is met.

*By making decisions based on conditions.

*By following a linear order of steps.

161. IaaS provides companies with virtualized computing resources, such as … machines and storage, that can be accessed remotely.

162. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the use of computers that can be … in our bodies.

163. In the abacus rods represent …

*Units of 1 and 5

*Numbers

*Place values

*Frames

164. In the late 19th century, inventors like Thomas Edison and Sir John Ambrose Fleming made significant advancements in electronics with the development of the … tube.

165. Leibniz is often regarded as a … due to his vast knowledge and expertise in multiple fields.

*Dispute

*Legacy

*Polymath

*Feud 

166. Match brand names with types of software:

A. Mozilla Firefox

B. CorelDraw

C. Unity3D

D. PyCharm

E. Autodesk Maya  

F. A web browser

G. A graphics editor

H. A game development engine

I. An Integrated Development Environment

J. A 3D graphics editor

167. Match the beginning of each sentence with its end:

A. The laws of motion were proposed by …

B. The calculus was developed by…

C. The theory of relativity was developed by…

D. Isaac Newton

E. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and Isaac Newton

F. Albert Einstein

168. Match the beginning of each sentence with its end:

A. The role of the machine’s brain is performed by …..

B. The component responsible for storing data that the computer needs to access quickly is…..

C. The component of a computer that connects all other components together and allows them to communicate is called …..

D. CPU (Central Processing Unit)

E. RAM (Random Access Memory)

F. Motherboard

169. Match the beginning of each sentence with its end:

A. Benjamin Franklin and Alessandro Volta are known for making significant contributions to our understanding of….

B. Alessandro Volta invented the first electric…

C. The junction transistor replaced the …

D. electricity

E. battery

F. point-contact transistor

170. Match the English phrases below with their Russian translations:

A. possess properties between those of conductors and insulators.

B. tend to get overheated and have a limited lifespan.

C. about 5 billionths of a meter for advanced computer chips.

D. has a wide variety of applications in our everyday lives, including communication, entertainment, healthcare, and energy

E. has helped the creation of low-weight and convenient gadgets like smartphones, laptops, smart watches and tablets.

F. имеют свойства, находящиеся между проводниками и изоляторами.

G. Склонны к перегреву и имеют ограниченный срок службы.

H. около 5 миллиардных долей метра для современных компьютерных микросхем.

I. имеет широкое разнообразие применений в нашей повседневной жизни, включая коммуникацию, развлечения, здравоохранение и энергетику.

J. позволил создавать легкие и удобные устройства, такие как смартфоны, ноутбуки, умные наручные часы и планшеты.

171. Match the English phrases with their Russian equivalents:

A.Boost network connectivity

B.Enhance security measures

C.Improve system compatibility

D.Enhance user interface

E.Enhance audio output  

F. Усилить сетевое соединение

G.Усилить меры безопасности

H.Улучшить совместимость системы

I.Улучшить пользовательский интерфейс

J. Улучшить звуковой вывод

172. Match the English sentences below with their Russian translations:

A.This table shows what exponent is needed to produce a certain number.

B.The machine could calculate square roots and cube roots.

C.In fact, he is famous for developing the method of derivatives, which is one of the two major branches of calculus.

D. Эта таблица показывает, какой показатель нужен для получения определенного числа.

E.Машина могла вычислять квадратные и кубические корни.

F.В сущности, он известен тем, что разработал метод производных, который является одним из двух основных направлений исчисления.

173. Match the first and the second parts to make up phrases:

A.Enhanced

B.Cutting-edge

C.Gain wide

D.Built-in

E. audio quality

F. technologies

G. popularity

H.speakers

174. Match the first and the second parts to make up phrases:

A. Make

B. Invent

C. Solve

D. Perform

E. Produce  

F. deals

G. calculators

H. problems

I. addition

J. numbers 

175. Match the input devices below with their characteristics/ functions:

A.Keyboard

B.Mouse

C.Stylus

D.Trackpad

E. Used for typing and inputting text/commands

F.Consists of buttons and a scrolling wheel

G. Allows precise input on touchscreens

H. Enables users to control the cursor on the screen

176. Match the sentence with its translation:

A. A wide variety of games involve the creation of a character and exploration of a virtual world, where players complete quests and interact with other characters.

B. Many games often simulate real-world sports like football, basketball, or volleyball.

C. Numerous games involve resource management and strategic planning to achieve specific objectives.

D. It is advisable to play a lot of computer games in moderation, taking regular breaks to prevent eye strain and other health issues.

E. Most games offer an enjoyable way to spend time, while also providing potential benefits such as enhancing cognitive skills and serving as educational tools.

F.Широкий выбор игр включает создание персонажей, исследование виртуальных миров, выполнение заданий и взаимодействие с другими персонажами.

G. Большинство игр часто воспроизводят реальные виды спорта, такие как футбол, баскетбол или волейбол.

H. В множестве игр обычно необходимо управлять ресурсами и разрабатывать стратегии для достижения конкретных целей.

I.Многие компьютерные игры следует играть с умеренностью и регулярно делать перерывы, чтобы избежать напряжения глаз и возможных проблем со здоровьем.

J. Большинство игр предлагают увлекательное времяпровождение и могут иметь дополнительные пользы, такие как развитие когнитивных навыков и использование в качестве образовательных инструментов.

177. Match the technical terms below with their characteristics:

A. Diodes 

B. Integrated Circuits 

C. Capacitors 

D. Micro-chips 

E. Germanium crystal 

F. allow current to flow in one direction 

G. contain thousands or even millions of electronic components, such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors, all interconnected on a single silicon wafer 

H. store and release electrical energy 

I. Smallest gap between transistors on their wafer is about 5 billionths of a meter (nm) 

J. Materials with properties between conductors and insulators

178. Match the two parts of the sentences below:

A.Given the team's declining performance results.…

B.Sorry, bud, can’t go to the canteen with you now; …

C.Not to fail to meet deadlines, they regularly…

D.Not to lose his job, the middle developer …

E. …, it's clear that we're going to need to take immediate action to increase team engagement.

F.  … I am creating a user manual for the software and falling behind the schedule.

G. … assign someone responsible for such projects.

H.  … is updating his programming skills in the near future.

179. Match the words to make collocations:

A. Recruitment and

B. Onboarding and

C. Skills development and

D. Performance management and

E. Team Collaboration and

F. talent acquisition

G. orientation

H. training

I. feedback

J. communication

180. Match the words to make up collocations :

A. A heated

B. A Vacuum

C. A strong

D. Efficient

E. A crucial

F.  filament

G.  tube

H.  password

I. workforce

J. role

181. Modern computer science has several unique features that … it from other fields of study.

182. Neural networks, inspired by the human brain, consist of interconnected … that process information and learn from it.

183. Operating systems are responsible for managing computer hardware and software resources, and they provide …

184. Physical disconnect … are available on all input devices

185. PostgreSQL is another open- … relational DBMS with a strong emphasis on standards compliance and extensibility.

186. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 HDDs and SSDs

2 are storage

3 devices for

4 digital data

187. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 The motherboard is the

2 main circuit

3 board that connects and allows

4 communication between different

5 computer hardware components

188. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 The GPU, or

2 graphics card,

3 renders images

4 videos, and animations

189. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 What

2 are

3 the duties

4 of

5 the head

6 chef

190. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Staff specialization in IT

2 is crucial for

3 organizations

4 to thrive in the ever-changing

5 technology landscapes

191. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Personal Finance

2 Management (PFM) apps

3 help individuals track

4 expenses, set

5 budgets, and monitor

6 their financial health

192. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 The user would

2 input the numbers into

3 the machine by

4 turning dials

193. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 The machine paved

2 the way for the

3 development of

4 modern computers

194. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 To use the abacus, you

2 move the beads or stones

3 along the rods to

4 represent numbers

195. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Modern computer

2 science and

3 technology have we live,

4 changed the way

5 get things done, and socialize

196. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 A glucose meter

2 is a device that

3 is implanted beneath

4 the skin to

5 take blood sugar levels

197. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 This data is

2 processed and

3 analyzed by

4 efficient algorithms

5 providing medical services

6 professionals with

7 crucial insights.

198. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 The interdisciplinary

2 method has resulted in

3 breakthroughs in spheres such

4 as machine learning, robotics

5 and bioinformatics

199. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 In medicine

2 BCIs could

3 be applied to

4 overcome brain conditions such as

5 Parkinson's disease and epilepsy

200. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Opposite to vacuum tubes,

2 transistors are

3 miniature and can be

4 integrated onto small silicon wafers,

201. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Changing your

2 passwords from time

3 to time can help

4 prevent potential breaches

202. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Quantum computers are

2 able to solve problems that are

3 unsolvable by

4 conventional computers

203. Researchers use computer software programs to analyze large amounts of data, conduct simulations, and develop … models..

204. Software packages can be classified based on their purpose and … users.

*Internet

*target

*innocent

*mass

205. Spreadsheet programs are used for organizing and analyzing … data

206. The … groups similar data points together based on their characteristics.

207. The … neighbors find similar data points and makes predictions based on their neighbors

208. The … of Newton and Leibniz's work in calculus continues to influence mathematics today.

*Dispute

*Rivalry

*Breakthrough

*Legacy

209. The DBSCAN algorithm can be used to identify and handle … effectively.

210. The development team is working on implementing advanced … to enhance the accuracy of the system's predictions.

211. The Difference Engine was not a general-… computer but was instead designed to calculate mathematical tables that were used in science, engineering, and navigation.

212. The different licensing models for software packages include proprietary, open-source, and ….

213. The discovery of calculus was an important breakthrough in mathematics because it allowed mathematicians and scientists to solve problems that were previously ….

214. The primary purpose of industrial software is to … efficiency, productivity, and reliability

*in industrial operations.

* enhance

*envelope

*engross

*implement

215. This will ensure that the computer can handle the demands of running games or 3D … software smoothly.

216. Transistors amplify or switch electronic signals, enabling them to control the flow of current in a ….

217. Web browsers are software applications that enable users to … and navigate the internet

218. What advantage do field-effect transistors (FETs) have over earlier types of them?

* Lower power consumption

*Higher frequency handling capability

*Easier fabrication process

*Better temperature stability

 219. What are some of the key challenges involved in data storage in the modern world?

*The cost of storing data

*The need to comply with federal laws and regulations

* The challenge of managing large volumes of data

*The need to store data on traditional hard drives only

220. What are the advantages and limitations of Hard Disk Drives (HDDs)?

*HDDs are inexpensive and durable, but are not susceptible to physical damage

* HDDs are reliable, inexpensive, and can store a large amount of data, but are susceptible to damage and data loss due to physical shock, wear and tear, and mechanical failure.

*HDDs are faster and more durable than SSDs, but have a limited lifespan

*HDDs are cost-effective and have a limited storage capacity

221. What are the three Vs that characterize Big Data?

*Velocity, Voltage, Variety

*Volume, Velocity, Viscosity

* Volume, Velocity, Variety

*Vibration, Velocity, Variety

222. What component facilitates the flow of electric current?

* Resistor

*Capacitor

*Transistor

*FET

223. What do divide and conquer algorithms involve?

*Repetition or looping.

* Breaking a problem into smaller subproblems.

*Making decisions based on conditions.

*Following a linear sequence of steps.

224. What do sequential algorithms do?

*Involve repetition or looping.

*Make decisions based on conditions.

* Follow a linear series of steps.

*Divide a problem into subproblems.

225. What is a solution for storing and processing Big Data across multiple computers?

*Solid-state drives

*Hard disk drives

*Tape drives

*Distributed file systems like Hadoop

226. What is an example of an implantable device used in medicine?

*Glucose monitor

*Neuralink

*SimCity

*Google glasses

227. What is one benefit of staff specialization in IT?

*Reduced costs

*Increased efficiency

*Enhanced creativity

*Improved work-life balance

228. What is one of the challenges addressed by HR solutions for software development teams?

*Creating visually amazing and immersive experiences

*Automating hotel operations

*Managing complex manufacturing and logistics processes

*Attracting and retaining top talent

 229. What is the difference between fault tolerance and stability in the context of data processing?

*Fault tolerance is the ability to continue functioning even in the presence of faults or errors, while stability refers to the ability to maintain a steady and consistent state of operation.

*Fault tolerance refers to the ability to maintain a steady and consistent state of operation, while stability refers to the ability to continue functioning even in the presence of faults or errors.

*Fault tolerance and stability are essentially the same thing and can be used interchangeably.

*Fault tolerance and stability are not relevant to data processing.

230. What is the primary function of a capacitor in an electronic circuit?

*To amplify electrical signals

*To store and release electrical energy

*To generate electrical energy

*To regulate voltage

231. What is the purpose of haptic feedback in input devices?

*To provide visual feedback

*To enhance audio output

*To improve user interaction and tactile experience

*To increase processing speed

232. What is the purpose of privacy shields on keyboards and laptops?

*To improve ergonomic design

* To prevent shoulder surfing and protect user privacy

*To enhance audio output quality

*To enable wireless connectivity

233. What is the purpose of Programming IDEs?

*Creating and editing text-based documents

*Managing computer resources and providing an interface

* Writing, testing, and debugging computer programs

*Protecting computers from malicious software

234. What is the purpose of programming languages?

*To communicate with computers and provide instructions.

*To create complex algorithms.

*To solve mathematical problems.

*To organize data efficiently.

235. Which data type represents whole numbers?

*Floats

*Strings

*Integers

*Booleans

236. Which licensing model requires a license for use and is owned by a specific company?

*Open-source

*Freeware

*Proprietary

*Shareware

237. Which of the following is a challenge associated with implementing industrial software?

*Integration with existing systems and equipment

*Lack of specialized hardware devices

*Insufficient data analysis tools

*Excessive reliance on human labor

238. Which of the following is a feature commonly found in input devices?

*Voice recognition technology

*Built-in projector

*Virtual reality capabilities

*Solar power charging

239. Which of the following is an example of a wireless input device?

*Keyboard with a USB connector

*Wired mouse

*Bluetooth headset

*Optical scanner

240. Which of the following is an example of industrial software used for tracking and managing assets?

*SCADA systems

*PLCs

*MES software

*CMMS software

241. Who is credited with the invention of the first electronic computer?

*Thomas Edison

*John von Neumann

*Alan Turing

*Charles Babbage

242. Word processing programs allow users to create, edit, and format text- … documents

243. Put the lines in the dialogue between a processor supplier and a smartphone manufacturer in a chronological order, separate the numbers with 1 gap. Supplier: We regret any inconvenience caused, but currently, our stock of 6-nm micro-chips has been depleted. However, we do have an alternative option available. We can offer you 2000 microchips sized 12 nanometers (nm) at half the regular price.

1. Supplier: Greetings, you have reached Winder-Chip Supply Company. How may we be of assistance today?

2. Supplier: Of course! Our specialization lies in providing micro-chips for various electronic devices. How many microchips are you looking to order?

3. Producer: Hi there, this is SmartTech, a smartphone production company. I'm calling to inquire about placing an order for some micro-chips.

4. Producer: Thank you for the offer, but we specifically necessitate 6-nm microchips for our smartphones. The 6-nm chips offer us improved performance and power efficiency, aligning with our product's specifications and requirements. Therefore, we cannot consider the 12-nm chips as a suitable substitute.

5. Producer: We are interested in purchasing 1000 micro-chips sized 6 nanometers (nm). Do you have them available in your inventory?

6. Supplier: You're welcome! Have a splendid day as well, and we will stay in touch soon. Goodbye.

7. Producer: We acknowledge your efforts, but presently, we cannot compromise on the quality and performance of our smartphones. We will wait until the 6-nm microchips become available. Please notify us promptly once they are back in stock, and we will proceed with our order.

8. Supplier: Certainly, we highly value your business and comprehend your specific requirement for the micro-chips. We will prioritize restocking the 6-nm chips and promptly inform you once they are obtainable. Thank you for considering Microchip Supply Company, and we eagerly anticipate serving you in the future.

9. Supplier: We understand your concerns. Unfortunately, due to the high demand for 6-nm micro-chips, our inventory has been depleted. We are actively working to replenish them, but it might take some time. Is there any flexibility in your requirements, or can we assist you with alternative products or services?

10. Producer: We appreciate your understanding and assistance. We will eagerly await your update regarding the availability of the 6-nm micro-chips. Thank you for your cooperation and have a remarkable day.

244. Read a programmer’s monologue and answer the question at the end of it. Use one word:

As a programmer specializing in driver development, my goal is to seamlessly connect a specific hardware piece with software applications using the power of C++. I meticulously optimize code to ensure flawless sound transmission. It's a delicate dance of data streams and system resources, capturing and transforming sound with precision. Each successful driver unlocks the hardware's potential, faithfully preserving the beauty of sound. It's a fusion of technical expertise and artistic finesse, translating raw audio into an immersive experience.

Can you guess the hardware I'm referring to?

245. Read a programmer’s monologue below: As a programmer working in a team developing an online taxi service, I want to share with you some insights into how we calculate distances between clients and taxis to identify the nearest available taxi. We rely on graph algorithms for this purpose. They allow us to find the shortest paths, taking into account weighted edges. By iteratively updating the distances from the source one to all others, we can determine the most optimal path for our clients and taxis. Question: Between what do they find the shortest paths?

246. Read the advert of a cloud-based storage solution: Discover a cutting-edge cloud-based solution that takes your business to new heights! Our innovative platform offers a seamless and hassle-free way to build, deploy, and scale your applications with ease. Say goodbye to complex infrastructure management and hello to streamlined development processes. With our platform, you can focus on what matters most – developing your business. We provide a reliable and secure environment for your applications, allowing you to reduce costs and increase efficiency. No need to worry about server maintenance or software updates; we've got you covered! Our intuitive interface makes it easy for even non-technical users to navigate and manage their applications. Whether you're a small startup or an established enterprise, our platform adapts to your needs, providing flexibility and scalability as your business grows. Take advantage of our extensive library of pre-configured tools and services that simplify and accelerate your development cycle. From database management to authentication systems, we offer a wide range of features that save you time and effort.Stay ahead of the competition with our robust analytics and monitoring capabilities. Gain valuable insights into your application's performance and user behavior, empowering you to make data-driven decisions and optimize your offerings. Rest assured, your data is safe and secure with our advanced security measures. We employ industry-standard protocols and encryption techniques to protect your sensitive information. Experience the convenience of automated scaling and load balancing, ensuring your applications can handle traffic spikes without a hitch. Say goodbye to downtime and hello to a seamless user experience. Collaborate effortlessly with your team members, regardless of their location. Our platform promotes teamwork and collaboration, allowing you to work together seamlessly and efficiently. Let us handle the technical complexities while you focus on your core business objectives. Our platform frees up your time and resources, enabling you to innovate and grow. Unleash the full potential of your business with our cloud-based Platform-as-a-Service solution. Join countless satisfied customers who have witnessed the transformative power of our platform. Question: What type of cloud-based storage solution is advertised?

247. Read the chief accountant’s monologue below and answer a question related to his work. As a chief accountant, I rely on a powerful software solution widely used in the CIS region that simplifies my work and streamlines the financial operations of our organization. This tool enables me to efficiently manage our enterprise resource planning and accounting systems, ensuring accuracy and reliability in our financial records. With its extensive features, I can effortlessly handle multiple business processes, from payroll management to inventory control. The tool offers robust reporting capabilities, allowing me to generate detailed financial statements and analyze our company's performance. Its intuitive interface and user-friendly design make navigation a breeze, saving me valuable time and effort. Additionally, it seamlessly integrates with other software applications, facilitating data exchange and enhancing collaboration across departments. Thanks to this invaluable tool, I can confidently oversee our financial operations and ensure compliance with regulations in Russia. What software application does the speaker use?

248. Read the dialogue between a microchip supplier and a smartphone manufacturer and answer a related question. Supplier: Hello, this is Winder-Chip Supply Company. How may I assist you today? Producer: Hi, this is Smart Tech, a smartphone production company. I'm calling to inquire about ordering some microchips. Supplier: Certainly! We specialize in providing microchips for various electronic devices. How many microchips are you looking to order? Producer: We are interested in purchasing 1000 micro-chips with a size of 6 nanometers (nm). Do you have them in stock? Supplier: I apologize for the inconvenience, but we have currently run out of 6-nm micro-chips. However, we do have an alternative option available. We can offer you 2000 microchips with a size of 12 nanometers (nm) at half the regular price. Producer: Thank you for the offer, but we are specifically looking for 6-nm microchips for our smartphones. The 6-nm chips provide us with better performance and power efficiency, which aligns with our product's specifications and requirements. Therefore, we cannot consider the 12-nm chips as a suitable substitute. Supplier: I understand your concerns. Unfortunately, due to the high demand for 6-nm micro-chips, our stock has been depleted. We are actively working to restock them, but it may take some time. Is there any flexibility in your requirements, or can we assist you with any other products or services? Producer: We appreciate your efforts, but at the moment, we cannot compromise on the quality and performance of our smartphones. We will wait for the availability of the 6-nm micro-chips. Please let us know as soon as they are back in stock, and we will proceed with our order. Supplier: Certainly, we value your business and understand your need for the specific micro-chips. We will prioritize restocking the 6-nm chips and inform you promptly once they are available. Thank you for considering Microchip Supply Company, and we look forward to serving you in the future. Producer: Thank you for your understanding and assistance. We'll eagerly await your update on the availability of the 6-nm micro-chips. Have a great day. Question: A 6-nm distance between what is meant here?

249. Read the dialogue between a senior and a junior programmer: Senior Programmer (Sarah): Hey, Mark! Can we talk for a moment? I noticed there's a problem with the algorithm you implemented for determining the closest taxis to our clients. Clients are getting assigned to taxis that are nowhere near their location. Junior Programmer (Mark): Oh, hey Sarah. I must have messed up. I apologize for that. [Scratching his head.]Sarah: We need to fix it as soon as possible to provide better service. I n our case, we need to assign clients to the nearest taxis accurately. Junior Programmer (Mark): That’s exactly what I did: implemented measuring the distance between points and selecting the closest ones. The service then assigns the client to the closest available taxi. There may be some bug… I'll make sure to dive deeper into it and fix the issues. After all, it is a standard algorithm that all taxi and delivery services use. Senior Programmer (Sarah): It is what I think? Junior Programmer (Mark): I am dead sure. Question: What algorithm do both the senior and junior programmers mean?

250. Read the dialogue between the two geeks below and answer a related questions: Geek 1: Hey, guess what? I'm finally upgrading it!Geek 2: That's awesome! What kind are you getting? Geek 1: I decided to go with a DDR4 module. It has higher speeds and better performance compared to my old DDR3.Geek 2: Nice choice! How much capacity are you getting? Geek 1: I'm going for a 16GB kit. It should provide a significant boost to my system's multitasking capabilities.Geek 2: That's impressive! Are you also considering the frequency and timings? Geek 1: Absolutely! I'm opting for a higher frequency and lower timings to ensure faster data transfer and smoother operations. Geek 2: Smart move! Have you checked the compatibility with your motherboard? Geek 1: Yes, I made sure to select a model that matches my motherboard's specifications. It's crucial to ensure they work seamlessly together. Geek 2: Well, it sounds like you've done your research. I can't wait to see the performance improvements on your system. Geek 1: Thanks! I'm excited too. It's amazing how a simple upgrade can make such a noticeable difference in overall system performance. Question: What piece of hardware has he upgraded?

251. Read the following CV of a programmer. Use 1-2 words to answer the question at the end of the CV:Curriculum VitaeName: Ivan IvanovEmail: ivanoff@example.com Phone: 75551234567 Location: Voronezh, RussiaSummary: Experienced and dedicated, with a passion for creating immersive and engaging experiences. Proficient in multiple programming languages and platforms, adept at problem-solving and collaborating in a team environment. Strong knowledge of development principles in my special field, including graphics rendering, physics simulations, and mechanics. Committed to delivering high-quality products that captivate and entertain.Education:Bachelor of Science in Computer ScienceSynergy University of MoscowGraduation: May 20XXTechnical Skills:Programming Languages: C++, C#, Python, JavaGame Engines: Unity, Unreal EngineGraphics Programming: OpenGL, DirectXScripting: Lua, JavaScriptVersion Control: Git3D Modeling and Animation: Blender, MayaSound Design: FMOD, WwiseGame Development Tools: Visual Studio, IntelliJ IDEAProfessional Experience:Middle developer | XYZ StudiosSt Petersburg, Russia | June 20XX - PresentCollaborate with a multidisciplinary team to develop and deliver AAA game titles.Design and implement gameplay mechanics, character controls, and AI systems using Unity and C#.Create and optimize game systems, including physics simulations, rendering pipelines, and asset management.Work closely with artists and designers to integrate assets, animations, and audio into the game engine.Debug and optimize code to improve performance and ensure smooth gameplay experience. Participate in code reviews, provide constructive feedback, and contribute to improving development processes. Intern | ABC StudioLos Angeles, CA | Summer 20XXAssisted in the development of a mobile project using Unity and C#.Implemented certain features, UI elements, and mechanics based on design specifications. Conducted testing and debugging to identify and resolve issues, ensuring a polished user experience. Collaborated with artists and designers to integrate art assets, animations, and sound effects. Projects: "Epic Quest" (PC, mobile)Led a team of programmers to develop a 3D simulator using Unreal Engine and C++.Implemented player controls, character interaction systems, and enemy AI, resulting in fluid and engaging experience.Collaborated with artists to create visually stunning environments and character models."Galactic Wars" (Mobile, iOS, Android)Developed a real-time space shooter using Unity and C#. Designed and implemented networking systems for seamless multiplayer functionality. Optimized game performance for smooth gameplay experience on mobile devices. Additional Information: Strong problem-solving and debugging skills to identify and resolve technical issues efficiently. Excellent communication and teamwork abilities, with experience collaborating in cross-functional teams.Active member of game development communities and regular participant in game jams and hackathons. Continuously learning and exploring new technologies and techniques in my special field. References: Available upon request. Question: What does the given programmer specialize in?

252. Read the following dialogue X substitutes a piece of hardware. Answer the question related to the dialogue using one word only. Person A: Hey, I've been experiencing some issues with my computer lately. The screen keeps shutting down randomly without any warning or error messages. Any idea what could be causing it? Person B: Hmm, that sounds frustrating. Let's try to narrow it down. Have you noticed any other unusual behavior or error indicators? Person A: Not really, everything else seems to be working fine. It's just the screen that shuts down abruptly. Person B: Okay, let's think about the hardware components involved. It could be related to the power supply, graphics card, or even the X. Since you mentioned the screen specifically, I'm inclined to suspect it's more likely a problem with the X. Person A: That makes sense. But how could the X be causing the screen to shut down? Person B: Well, the X handles all the calculations and instructions necessary for the computer to function. If there's an issue with the X, it may result in overheating or instability, which could trigger a shutdown as a protective measure. Person A: Ah, I see. That could explain the sudden screen shutdowns. So, what steps should we take next? Person B: Firstly, we can monitor the temperature of your X using specialized software. If it's running too hot, it might indicate an issue with the cooling system. We can also update the X drivers and check for any firmware updates. If the problem persists, it might be worth considering professional assistance or contacting the manufacturer. Person A: Great, thanks for your help. I'll start by monitoring the X temperature and checking for updates. Hopefully, we can pinpoint and resolve the issue soon. Person B: You're welcome! Good luck, and feel free to reach out if you need further assistance. Let's get your computer back to its optimal state! Question: What does X stand for?

253. Read the following monologue of an employee from a Russian scientific research institute and answer a related question. Use one word. Our research institute has been dedicated to advancing X-ray lithography, a groundbreaking technology that deviates from traditional laser-based approaches. In the traditional laser-based method, laser beams are projected onto a semiconductor material through predefined structures containing circuit patterns. These structures, however, are expensive and time-consuming to create for each circuit design iteration. In contrast, our X-ray technology offers a more flexible and efficient alternative. Instead of relying on predefined structures, we directly project X-ray beams onto the semiconductor material, enabling precise modification of circuit patterns. This eliminates the need for costly and time-consuming fabrication steps, facilitating rapid prototyping and customization of integrated circuits. One notable advantage of X-ray technology is its enhanced resolution capabilities compared to traditional laser methods. The X-ray beams achieve finer feature sizes, allowing for the production of complex circuit designs. This leads to improved performance and functionality of the integrated circuits we develop. Question: What predefined structures does this technology not require?

254. Read the following text:

1. WordPress is a versatile platform that powers millions of websites, offering extensive customization options and a wide range of themes and plugins.

2. Joomla is known for its flexibility and ease of use, making it a popular choice for creating websites and online applications.

3. Drupal, with its robust architecture, is favored by developers for building complex and scalable websites, including government and enterprise-level projects.

4. Shopify is a leading e-commerce platform that enables businesses to create and manage their online stores, providing a user-friendly interface and various sales and marketing tools.

5. Magento, a powerful e-commerce solution, is highly regarded for its scalability and flexibility, catering to the needs of small businesses as well as large enterprises.

6. Wix offers a simple drag-and-drop website builder that appeals to beginners, allowing them to create stunning websites without coding knowledge.

7. Squarespace provides elegant and visually appealing templates for creating professional websites, coupled with built-in SEO and analytics features.

8. Blogger, owned by Google, is a popular choice for bloggers, offering a straightforward platform for creating and managing blogs with ease.

9. Weebly offers a user-friendly interface and a range of templates, enabling individuals and small businesses to quickly build attractive websites.

10. Ghost, a minimalist blogging platform, focuses on simplicity and speed, providing a streamlined writing and publishing experience for bloggers. Hint: These platforms mentioned above are widely used for managing and creating websites and online content.

Question: Can you guess what these versatile platforms like WordPress, Joomla, and Drupal are collectively known as? Write an abbreviation.

255. Read the monologue and answer the question, use only 1 word. As a blockchain programmer, I would like to discuss the limitations of data processing techniques in preventing a 51 percent attack on our company's young blockchain. Data processing that we used for our blockchain involves the distribution of tasks across multiple computers or servers connected by a network. While data processing can provide benefits in terms of scalability and reliability, it does not prevent a 51 percent attack. In this type of attack, a single entity or group gains control of more than half of the network's computing power, allowing them to manipulate transactions and potentially compromise the integrity of the blockchain. Even with this data processing mechanism, the security of a blockchain network relies on the underlying consensus mechanism. If the consensus mechanism does not adequately address the threat of a 51 percent attack, this way of data processing alone may not be sufficient to prevent such an attack. In conclusion, while this data processing technique has its advantages for managing and processing large volumes of data, additional measures beyond data processing alone are necessary to prevent and mitigate the risks of a 51 percent attack on a young blockchain network. Question: What data processing technique does the blockchain programmer discuss? 

256. Read the monologue between a freelance programmer and his client: Client: Hey, John! How's it going? I've got a task related to my online school tests grading system. Can you help me out? Programmer: Hey there, Mr. Smith! I'm doing well, thanks. Sure! What do you need help with? Client: Awesome, John! So, my grading system takes too long to search for the highest or the lowest test score in the database. Is there a way to speed it up? Can you check it out? Programmer: Absolutely, Mr. Smith. I totally get the need for faster searches. I think we can optimize it by using one specific algorithm that reduces the search time significantly. Client: Sounds interesting, John. How does it work? And how can we apply it to our grading system? Programmer: Sure thing, Mr. Smith. It works by dividing a sorted list of data into halves and narrowing down the search range until we find the desired item. For our grading system, we can organize the test scores in ascending order. Then, when searching for a certain score, we start in the middle of the list and compare it with the desired score. Based on that, we can eliminate half of the remaining data and continue until we find the exact score. Client: I see. Are you confident in implementing it for our grading system? Programmer: Absolutely, Mr. Smith. I have experience with algorithms and data structures, including this one. I'm confident that I can integrate it successfully into our grading system. It'll not only make searches faster but also improve the overall performance. Client: That's great news, John! I’ll trust your expertise. Let me know if you need any resources or information from me. Programmer: Thanks, Mr. Smith. I appreciate your trust. I'll get started right away and keep you updated on the progress. If I have any questions or need specific details, I'll reach out to you. Client: Perfect, John! I'm excited to see the improved search functionality in our grading system. Feel free to ask if you need any help. Good luck, and thanks for taking on this task! Programmer: Thanks, Mr. Smith. I'll make sure to deliver a high-quality solution. I appreciate your support and will be in touch soon with updates. Have a great day! Question: What algorithm is the programmer going to implement?

257. Read the monologue of a computer user below: Once upon a time, my trusty computer fell victim to a sneaky intruder, resulting in a cascade of glitches and chaos. Icons jumped around the screen, the cursor moved erratically, and programs froze, leaving my work in a frustrating limbo. But a powerful program emerged as my savior. It swiftly detected and quarantined the threats, restoring order to my digital world. The icons regained their composure, the cursor obeyed my commands, and the programs resumed their functions, bringing a sense of normalcy and relief. Question: What application saved the speaker’s computer?

258. Read the monologue of a person talking about how they use a piece of software. Answer a question related to that monologue. Let me tell you, working with spreadsheets is like embarking on a thrilling adventure. I'm what you call an advanced user, and I must say, I've come to love the intricacies of these digital grids. They may look plain and monotonous to some, but to me, they hold the power to unlock hidden treasures of data. I spend hours crafting formulas, manipulating cells, and organizing information with precision. It's like being a conductor of a symphony, orchestrating the data to create a harmonious masterpiece. From simple calculations to complex analysis, I thrive on the challenge of making sense out of raw numbers. The beauty lies in the versatility of spreadsheets. I can customize layouts, apply conditional formatting, and create visually stunning charts and graphs. It's not just about crunching numbers; it's about presenting insights in a way that captivates and informs. When I dive into a spreadsheet, I feel like a detective uncovering clues. I hunt down errors, trace the origins of data, and validate the integrity of the information. Attention to detail is my forte, and I leave no stone unturned in ensuring accuracy. Automation is my ally in this realm. I build macros and scripts to streamline repetitive tasks, saving time and effort. It's like having a trusty sidekick that enhances my productivity and empowers me to tackle more complex challenges. Collaboration is another dimension of my spreadsheet mastery. I create shared workbooks, enabling multiple individuals to contribute simultaneously. It's a symphony of teamwork, where each player adds their unique notes to create a harmonious composition. But don't mistake my passion for spreadsheets as a solitary endeavor. I'm always eager to learn and share knowledge with fellow enthusiasts. We exchange tips, tricks, and formulas, continuously pushing the boundaries of what can be achieved in this digital realm. Spreadsheets have become an integral part of my professional life. They empower me to analyze trends, make informed decisions, and present data-driven insights to stakeholders. From financial modeling to project management, the possibilities are endless. So, next time you encounter a spreadsheet, remember that it's not just rows and columns; it's a canvas of endless opportunities. With the right skills and mindset, you can transform data into a symphony of knowledge and unlock the secrets hidden within. Question: What type of software does the author use?

259. Read the monologue: As a programmer developing an image generation model like DALL-E, PyTorch is my go-to tool. With its powerful deep learning capabilities and intuitive syntax, PyTorch empowers me to design, train, and refine complex neural networks. The extensive PyTorch ecosystem provides pre-built modules and utilities for computer vision tasks, enhancing the model's ability to generate visually appealing images from text. The active PyTorch community offers valuable resources and support. Integration with hardware accelerators like GPUs ensures efficient training and inference. With PyTorch, I confidently explore the boundaries of AI-generated imagery and push the limits of creativity. What programming language does the programmer use?

260. Read what a programmer tells about the project he is involved in and answer a question related to his work. As a programmer working for the Ministry of Healthcare, I am currently engaged in a significant project aimed at developing an online automated version of a well-known tool for estimating population growth and forecasting epidemics. The aim is to use the power of this classic tool to analyze population growth rates, predict future population sizes, and model the spread of epidemics. By using its capabilities, we can analyze the exponential nature of infectious diseases, evaluate the impact of various intervention strategies, and forecast the potential trajectory of epidemics. This valuable information will help the Ministry of Healthcare to plan and allocate resources efficiently, implement interventions, and take proactive measures to minimize the impact of epidemics. What tool is the programmer working on?

Часть 1

Введение в курс

Тема 1. History of computers (История Компьютеров)

Тема 2. Information-dependent society (Информационно-зависимое общество)

Тема 3. Development of microelectronics (Развитие микроэлектроники)

Тема 4. The information management challenges (Проблемы управления информацией)

Часть 2

Тема 5. Software. Peopleware. (Программное обеспечение. Кадровое обеспечение)

Тема 6. Software. Engineering. (Программное обеспечение. Разработка программного обеспечения)

Тема 7. Data processing methods. (Методы обработки данных)

Тема 8. Programming languages. (Языки программирования)

Заключение

Итоговая аттестация

Итоговый тест

Компетентностный тест