Иностранный язык в профессиональной деятельности / 67 вопросов

Ответы на 67 вопросов

1. Identify the sequence of generations of computers (by their description):
2. ... is a person who identifies and analyzes business problems, and generates system requirements
3. The Apple Macintosh, a low-cost workstation that emerged from early Alto computer concepts, was released in ...
4. The network operating system, which allows users to copy files from ...
5. ... was used in the first generation of computers
6. ... technologies are one of the most basic through technologies in many documents and by many experts
7. Debian is a pre-compiled software that has over ... packages and is based on the Linux kernel
8. Identify the sequence of information management steps:
9. Harvard Mark I is ...
10. The OS-9 family of real-time operating systems has been in use for over... years, with more than 5 million installed copies
11. A roadblock to data availability such as connectivity means that ...
12. Transferred data might contain some important ...
13. ... is a technical person who builds new software systems
14. ... AE has been ported to leading high-availability CompactPCI platforms such as the CPX8000 from Motorola Computer Group
15. Match the components of QNX with their characteristics:
16. Match computers to their creators:
17. Establish a correspondence between the abbreviation and the definition:
18. Martin Timmerman formulated the necessary requirements for an RTOS. Two of them are about priorities. Why the combination of priorities is necessary?
19. Most businesses don't want to deal with non-core tasks, which include the IT infrastructure. And if it has to pay for a data center, it has to function at maximum efficiency. Crisis situations are exacerbating resource shortages. Enterprises are cutting IT budgets, investing less in long-term projects in general and in data centers in particular. It is impossible to abandon IT altogether - it is equal to giving up doing business, but phased financing and speed of commissioning come to the fore. What do today's IT managers face while having limited budgetary resources to expand data centers?
20. The first recognized use of the word "computer" was from 1613. What did the "computer" use to mean before this word started to refer to devices?
21. Prior to the transistor’s discovery in 1947, the only way to execute amplification of a weak current in an electronic circuit was to use a vacuum tube. What were the initial advantages transistors demonstrated over small vacuum tubes?
22. Cryptography is the study of secure communications techniques that allow only the sender and intended recipient of a message to view its contents. What does a massive use of cryptography lead to?
23. An information society is a society where the usage, creation, distribution, manipulation and integration of information is a significant activity. Which of the following statements is not true about the Information Society?
24. Artificial intelligence is becoming more standardized, making it more accessible to a subject-matter expert who isn't necessarily a knowledge engineering expert. What standards are becoming more common accessible and useful today?
25. Correlate the generations of computers with their descriptions:
26. Match the sentence with the time it was written:
27. Match the abbreviations and transcripts:
28. Match the units of data measurement with their characteristics:
29. Match the approaches to understanding the information society and their authors:
30. Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: "LibreOffice, Firefox, Thunderbird, Transmission, and lightweight games like Sudoku and chess (include) ... by default, while GNOME Files is the default file manager"
31. Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: "The transistor, which (introduce) ... in the mid-1950s, made computers more reliable"
32. ... is data that provides information about other data, but not the content of the data, such as the text of a message or the image itself
33. Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: "There was no such thing when the first computers (develop) ... following WWIΓ
34. Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: "The addition of support for Linux programs, which (reveal) ... in 2018, was a big advance"
35. Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: "Wireless network connectivity (also manage) ... by mobile operating systems"
36. ... computer is a type of computers that harnesses the collective properties of quantum states, such as superposition, interference, and entanglement, to perform calculations
37. ... is the administration of an organization, whether it is a business, a non-profit organization, or a government body
38. ... integration is giving way to very-large-scale integration (VLSI) and wafer-scale integration (WSI)
39. ... is an electronic machine that can store, organize and find information, do processes with numbers and other data, and control other machines
40. Cell phones are ..., making it possible to provide everyone with communication channels
41. ... memory is a memory management technique that provides an idealized abstraction of the storage resources that are actually available on a given machine which creates the illusion to users of a very large (main) memory
42. ... is the property of a system to handle a growing amount of work by adding resources to the system
43. The most significant worldwide danger is the rise in labor ... when information technologies are implemented
44. Demand for programmers is already outstripping supply, and some analysts believe that this shortfall will limit... usage development in the next few years
45. The ... transistor was conceived about 25 years before bipolar transistors, but mass production did not become feasible until the early 1960s
46. A mechanical calculator invented by Blaise Pascal in 1642 is called ...
47. ... ensure the uninterrupted operation of vital systems, therefore, if a failure occurs or some illegal operations are performed, the OS must diagnose them, if necessary, block the program or isolate applications from each other, initiate recovery and protection of other programs or the system itself
48. ... latency is the time interval from the end of the execution of the last user interrupt handler instruction to the execution of the first instruction of the process that entered the state due to this interrupt
49. ... memory is a memory management technique that provides an idealized abstraction of the storage resources that are actually available on a given machine which creates the illusion to users of a very large (main) memory
50. The most significant worldwide danger is the rise in labor ... when information technologies are implemented
51. ... systems are computerized systems used in manufacturing to track and document the transformation of raw materials to finished goods
52. Demand for programmers is already outstripping supply, and some analysts believe that this shortfall will limit ... usage development in the next few years
53. ... is an open-source Linux distribution built on the architecture and infrastructure of Debian
54. Cell phones are digital, it was the transition to digital that made it possible to provide everyone with communication channels, but without ... in SIM cards, cellular communications could not become mass
55. ... is the property of a system to handle a growing amount of work by adding resources to the system
56. The observations that apply to a common ... information system also apply to a certain extent to data warehouses and data mining
57. The analytical engine was invented in ...
58. There are some of the potential benefits of distributed operating systems, for example ...
59. The ..., which was introduced in the mid-1950s, made computers more reliable
60. The type of operating system that is not directly linked to the computer is the ...
61. Arrange the inventions chronologically:
62. Arrange the events chronologically:
63. ... was developed by Bell Labs and was the first significant operating system to be written almost entirely in high-level language
64. ... created the first operating system for the IBM 701
65. The Apple Macintosh, a low-cost workstation that emerged from early Alto computer concepts, was released in ...
66. The introduction of time-sharing systems, in particular, has long been regarded as a watershed moment in the evolution of ... systems
67. A user cannot send direct instructions to the hardware ... various activities