Английский язык.Тесты Синергия (сборник тестов)

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I … you later, OK

call

‘ll call

She showed me the article which her brother ….foot

translated;

has translated.

translates;

had translated;

Before you start choosing a perfect career, you need to know yourself first. But sometimes all this self-analysis leads to ….. .

nowhere

everywhere

I … to the news on television at nine o’clock last night

had been listening

listened

have been listening

was listening

WIND ENERGY

Every day you can see the wind blowing and watch all of that wasted energy just floating away. A lot of energy is thought to be (1) … and all you need to use it are a few wind turbines Currently less than 1% of the Earth’s energy needs are (2) … by wind, with Denmark being the most wind-friendly producing 23% of its own energy needs from wind. The energy produced is totally clean and also one of the (3) … around and it is able to produce (4) … 18 times more energy than is consumed in its construction, (5) … nuclear which is estimated at around five. People are often worried about the look of wind farms but what they often forget is that the land can still (6) … for farming, with only 1% of the space being taken up by the wind turbines. One of the biggest (7) … about wind turbines, is their effect on bats and birds. In Norway, nine out of ten sea eagles were killed by turbines. Bats too are a serious problem. Even the manufacturers of wind turbines are (8). concerned by the numbers of bats being. killed, prompting ongoing research.

Read the text and choose the best options to fill in the gap (7).

benefits

advantages

concerns

prospects

WIND ENERGY

Every day you can see the wind blowing and watch all of that wasted energy just floating away. A lot of energy is thought to be (1) … and all you need to use it are a few wind turbines Currently less than 1% of the Earth’s energy needs are (2) … by wind, with Denmark being the most wind-friendly producing 23% of its own energy needs from wind. The energy produced is totally clean and also one of the (3) … around and it is able to produce (4) … 18 times more energy than is consumed in its construction, (5) … nuclear which is estimated at around five. People are often worried about the look of wind farms but what they often forget is that the land can still (6) … for farming, with only 1% of the space being taken up by the wind turbines. One of the biggest (7) … about wind turbines, is their effect on bats and birds. In Norway, nine out of ten sea eagles were killed by turbines. Bats too are a serious problem. Even the manufacturers of wind turbines are (8). concerned by the numbers of bats being. killed, prompting ongoing research.

Read the text and choose the best options to fill in the gap (4).

in average

on average

to average

by average

We are late. The film … by the time we get to the cinema.

will already have started

will already start

will be already started

WIND ENERGY

Every day you can see the wind blowing and watch all of that wasted energy just floating away. A lot of energy is thought to be (1) … and all you need to use it are a few wind turbines Currently less than 1% of the Earth’s energy needs are (2) … by wind, with Denmark being the most wind-friendly producing 23% of its own energy needs from wind. The energy produced is totally clean and also one of the (3) … around and it is able to produce (4) … 18 times more energy than is consumed in its construction, (5) … nuclear which is estimated at around five. People are often worried about the look of wind farms but what they often forget is that the land can still (6) … for farming, with only 1% of the space being taken up by the wind turbines. One of the biggest (7) … about wind turbines, is their effect on bats and birds. In Norway, nine out of ten sea eagles were killed by turbines. Bats too are a serious problem. Even the manufacturers of wind turbines are (8). concerned by the numbers of bats being. killed, prompting ongoing research.

Read the text and choose the best options to fill in the gap (1).

available

handy

ready

convenient

HUMAN RIGHTS DAY On 10 December 1948, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which has become a (1) … standard for defending and promoting human rights. Every year on 10 December, Human Rights Day marks the adoption of the Universal Declaration which states that «Human beings are born with (2) … rights and fundamental freedoms». In 2006, Human Rightstailan Day focused on (3) … poverty as a matter of obligation, not of charity. Poverty is (4) … by human rights violations. The links between human rights and poverty should be obvious: people whose rights are (5) … are more likely to be poor. Generally they find it harder or impossible to participate in the labour market and have little or no access to (6) … services and resources. Meanwhile, the poor in many societies cannot enjoy their rights to education, health and housing simply (7) … they cannot afford them. And poverty affects all human rights: for example, low income can prevent people from accessing education, which in turn inhibits their participation in public life and their ability to influence the policies affecting them. Governments and those in a position of authority must (8) … responsibility for dealing with poverty. The realisation of human rights — including the fight against poverty — is a duty, not a mere aspiration.

Read the text and choose the best options to fill in the gap (1).

universal

typical

whole

complete

WIND ENERGY

Every day you can see the wind blowing and watch all of that wasted energy just floating away. A lot of energy is thought to be (1) … and all you need to use it are a few wind turbines Currently less than 1% of the Earth’s energy needs are (2) … by wind, with Denmark being the most wind-friendly producing 23% of its own energy needs from wind. The energy produced is totally clean and also one of the (3) … around and it is able to produce (4) … 18 times more energy than is consumed in its construction, (5) … nuclear which is estimated at around five. People are often worried about the look of wind farms but what they often forget is that the land can still (6) … for farming, with only 1% of the space being taken up by the wind turbines. One of the biggest (7) … about wind turbines, is their effect on bats and birds. In Norway, nine out of ten sea eagles were killed by turbines. Bats too are a serious problem. Even the manufacturers of wind turbines are (8). concerned by the numbers of bats being. killed, prompting ongoing research.

Read the text and choose the best options to fill in the gap (5).

added to

compared to

matched to

contrasted to

Read the texts and match them with the headings. There is one extra title.

«I don’t know how you stay at home all day… I would be bored out of my mind», was a comment I often heard when I stayed at home. Was I bored Never I mastered the housework so that I wasn’t a slave to it. Obviously, there was the cleaning to be done regularly but it was the sharing of the tidying up that made the difference. My family learnt to tidy up after themselves and if there was a bit of accumulated dust it would wait until the end of the week when a day was set aside for a thorough cleaning. I established a routine for the necessary chores that had to be done daily, but if they weren’t completed by lunchtime, they were left until the next day. That way I had time to pursue my own interests and to spend time with the children as well.

NEVER BORED

EXHAUSTING FOR ALL

MONEY OR TIME

THE PERFECT JOB

WIND ENERGY

Every day you can see the wind blowing and watch all of that wasted energy just floating away. A lot of energy is thought to be (1) … and all you need to use it are a few wind turbines Currently less than 1% of the Earth’s energy needs are (2) … by wind, with Denmark being the most wind-friendly producing 23% of its own energy needs from wind. The energy produced is totally clean and also one of the (3) … around and it is able to produce (4) … 18 times more energy than is consumed in its construction, (5) … nuclear which is estimated at around five. People are often worried about the look of wind farms but what they often forget is that the land can still (6) … for farming, with only 1% of the space being taken up by the wind turbines. One of the biggest (7) … about wind turbines, is their effect on bats and birds. In Norway, nine out of ten sea eagles were killed by turbines. Bats too are a serious problem. Even the manufacturers of wind turbines are (8). concerned by the numbers of bats being. killed, prompting ongoing research.

Read the text and choose the best options to fill in the gap (8).

sadly

wrongly

badly

deeply

The Irish Travellers are the largest minority in Ireland. There are about 25,000 Irish Travellers in Ireland and 1,300 in Northern Ireland. They are a little understood nomadic community, who have many difficulties to overcome if they are to survive as a culture and gain acceptance into Irish society. Among the challenges facing them are poverty and racism. The Irish Travellers are a distinct ethnic group which has existed for centuries. Often they are mistakenly considered part of the nomadic Romani, an ethnic group which originated in the region of India and is now widespread throughout Europe. But the Irish Travellers are indigenous to Ireland, so the two cultures are not related. While both are nomadic, the Irish Travellers are Roman Catholic and speak a language that is theirs alone. They have their own culture, customs, traditions, and language. They are noted for their musical and storytelling abilities. In times past, they travelled by horse-drawn wagon in caravans, making camp along the way. Tinsmithing, horse trading and peddling were the major sources of income in those days. Tinsmiths were so prevalent among Irish Travellers that the terms Tinker and Irish Traveller were used interchangeably. Today, Tinker is one of many names for Irish Travellers. Horses and wagons have given way to mobile homes pulled by motor vehicles. They continue their life on the road, but there are fewer places to stop and fewer places where they are welcome. Today, Irish Travellers mainly work in re¬cycling. Changing needs of society and progress have eliminated the jobs that could support a culture on wheels. Irish Travellers are poor, undereducated, and on the receiving end of discrimination. Their life expectancy is lower than average while their infant mortality rate is higher than average. As is the case with the Romani, the Irish Travellers are seen by many as a group of immoral, ignorant criminals and con artists. People distrust their nomadic culture and their language, Shelta. Many think it’s a secret language specifically developed as a tool to help the Irish Travellers trick innocent people. But this is not true. It is an old language, which has evolved with time and circumstances. Once heavily infused with Irish Gaelic, it is now infused with English.

They were called Tinkers, which is now … for them.

terms

a title

a name

The Irish Travellers are the largest minority in Ireland. There are about 25,000 Irish Travellers in Ireland and 1,300 in Northern Ireland. They are a little understood nomadic community, who have many difficulties to overcome if they are to survive as a culture and gain acceptance into Irish society. Among the challenges facing them are poverty and racism. The Irish Travellers are a distinct ethnic group which has existed for centuries. Often they are mistakenly considered part of the nomadic Romani, an ethnic group which originated in the region of India and is now widespread throughout Europe. But the Irish Travellers are indigenous to Ireland, so the two cultures are not related. While both are nomadic, the Irish Travellers are Roman Catholic and speak a language that is theirs alone. They have their own culture, customs, traditions, and language. They are noted for their musical and storytelling abilities. In times past, they travelled by horse-drawn wagon in caravans, making camp along the way. Tinsmithing, horse trading and peddling were the major sources of income in those days. Tinsmiths were so prevalent among Irish Travellers that the terms Tinker and Irish Traveller were used interchangeably. Today, Tinker is one of many names for Irish Travellers. Horses and wagons have given way to mobile homes pulled by motor vehicles. They continue their life on the road, but there are fewer places to stop and fewer places where they are welcome. Today, Irish Travellers mainly work in re¬cycling. Changing needs of society and progress have eliminated the jobs that could support a culture on wheels. Irish Travellers are poor, undereducated, and on the receiving end of discrimination. Their life expectancy is lower than average while their infant mortality rate is higher than average. As is the case with the Romani, the Irish Travellers are seen by many as a group of immoral, ignorant criminals and con artists. People distrust their nomadic culture and their language, Shelta. Many think it’s a secret language specifically developed as a tool to help the Irish Travellers trick innocent people. But this is not true. It is an old language, which has evolved with time and circumstances. Once heavily infused with Irish Gaelic, it is now infused with English.

Although both groups are nomadic, their cultures ….

are not related

are not the same

indigenous

The Irish Travellers are the largest minority in Ireland. There are about 25,000 Irish Travellers in Ireland and 1,300 in Northern Ireland. They are a little understood nomadic community, who have many difficulties to overcome if they are to survive as a culture and gain acceptance into Irish society. Among the challenges facing them are poverty and racism. The Irish Travellers are a distinct ethnic group which has existed for centuries. Often they are mistakenly considered part of the nomadic Romani, an ethnic group which originated in the region of India and is now widespread throughout Europe. But the Irish Travellers are indigenous to Ireland, so the two cultures are not related. While both are nomadic, the Irish Travellers are Roman Catholic and speak a language that is theirs alone. They have their own culture, customs, traditions, and language. They are noted for their musical and storytelling abilities. In times past, they travelled by horse-drawn wagon in caravans, making camp along the way. Tinsmithing, horse trading and peddling were the major sources of income in those days. Tinsmiths were so prevalent among Irish Travellers that the terms Tinker and Irish Traveller were used interchangeably. Today, Tinker is one of many names for Irish Travellers. Horses and wagons have given way to mobile homes pulled by motor vehicles. They continue their life on the road, but there are fewer places to stop and fewer places where they are welcome. Today, Irish Travellers mainly work in re¬cycling. Changing needs of society and progress have eliminated the jobs that could support a culture on wheels. Irish Travellers are poor, undereducated, and on the receiving end of discrimination. Their life expectancy is lower than average while their infant mortality rate is higher than average. As is the case with the Romani, the Irish Travellers are seen by many as a group of immoral, ignorant criminals and con artists. People distrust their nomadic culture and their language, Shelta. Many think it’s a secret language specifically developed as a tool to help the Irish Travellers trick innocent people. But this is not true. It is an old language, which has evolved with time and circumstances. Once heavily infused with Irish Gaelic, it is now infused with English.

In the past the Irish Travellers went around by … in caravans.

foot

camels

horse-drawn wagon

The Irish Travellers are the largest minority in Ireland. There are about 25,000 Irish Travellers in Ireland and 1,300 in Northern Ireland. They are a little understood nomadic community, who have many difficulties to overcome if they are to survive as a culture and gain acceptance into Irish society. Among the challenges facing them are poverty and racism. The Irish Travellers are a distinct ethnic group which has existed for centuries. Often they are mistakenly considered part of the nomadic Romani, an ethnic group which originated in the region of India and is now widespread throughout Europe. But the Irish Travellers are indigenous to Ireland, so the two cultures are not related. While both are nomadic, the Irish Travellers are Roman Catholic and speak a language that is theirs alone. They have their own culture, customs, traditions, and language. They are noted for their musical and storytelling abilities. In times past, they travelled by horse-drawn wagon in caravans, making camp along the way. Tinsmithing, horse trading and peddling were the major sources of income in those days. Tinsmiths were so prevalent among Irish Travellers that the terms Tinker and Irish Traveller were used interchangeably. Today, Tinker is one of many names for Irish Travellers. Horses and wagons have given way to mobile homes pulled by motor vehicles. They continue their life on the road, but there are fewer places to stop and fewer places where they are welcome. Today, Irish Travellers mainly work in re¬cycling. Changing needs of society and progress have eliminated the jobs that could support a culture on wheels. Irish Travellers are poor, undereducated, and on the receiving end of discrimination. Their life expectancy is lower than average while their infant mortality rate is higher than average. As is the case with the Romani, the Irish Travellers are seen by many as a group of immoral, ignorant criminals and con artists. People distrust their nomadic culture and their language, Shelta. Many think it’s a secret language specifically developed as a tool to help the Irish Travellers trick innocent people. But this is not true. It is an old language, which has evolved with time and circumstances. Once heavily infused with Irish Gaelic, it is now infused with English.

Irish Travellers have mobile homes pulled … now.

by motor vehicles

horses

camels

Fill in the gaps in the text with the correct forms of the verbs.

I’m living in a small Hotel at the moment, but I …. to a flat next week. I’ve asked a friend of mine to share it with me.

moved

am moving

have moved

move

Fill in the gaps in the text with the correct forms of the verbs.

I’ve been working as a manager since I …. and I find It really interesting.

arrived

arrive

will arrive

arrives

WIND ENERGY

Every day you can see the wind blowing and watch all of that wasted energy just floating away. A lot of energy is thought to be (1) … and all you need to use it are a few wind turbines Currently less than 1% of the Earth’s energy needs are (2) … by wind, with Denmark being the most wind-friendly producing 23% of its own energy needs from wind. The energy produced is totally clean and also one of the (3) … around and it is able to produce (4) … 18 times more energy than is consumed in its construction, (5) … nuclear which is estimated at around five. People are often worried about the look of wind farms but what they often forget is that the land can still (6) … for farming, with only 1% of the space being taken up by the wind turbines. One of the biggest (7) … about wind turbines, is their effect on bats and birds. In Norway, nine out of ten sea eagles were killed by turbines. Bats too are a serious problem. Even the manufacturers of wind turbines are (8). concerned by the numbers of bats being. killed, prompting ongoing research.

Read the text and choose the best options to fill in the gap (6).

be using

be used

have used

We … 20 new buildings this year.

had built

have built

built

Water … at 100 degrees.

will boil

will have been boiling

boils

I … when my friend …

slept, was calling

slept, called

was sleeping, called

All in all, the internet is here to stay and whether it … our life is up to us.

improved or ruined

improves or ruins

Choose true sentence according to the text. Homemaking…

Every family needs a homemaker. Whether this is the mum or dad, or part-time from both is irrelevant. In our family, we chose the traditional role for me to stay at home, but some families choose the reverse, especially if the woman has the better-paid job. We have actually experienced both since I had to work full-time when my husband was made redundant and stayed at home for a time. The days when the person staying at home to look after the house and family was thought of as being «just a housewife» have long gone, especially now that there is a role reversal and it is sometimes the man who stays home. Nowadays there is a lot of pride in being the «homemaker». It is one of the most worthwhile careers and the rewards, although not financial, are great. The family benefits from quality time from one parent all the time.

has become a worthwhile career.

prevented the family from having social life.

helped someone to pursue his/her own interests.

It … outside; I do not like to walk in such weather.

is rain

rains

is raining

I … a very difficult day tomorrow. I need to prepare for the exam.

having

will have

have

Kate has been working here …

since two years

two years ago

for two years

At 10 o’clock in the morning on Wednesday Tom … a delegation in the office.

will be receiving

is receiving

will receive

Although the sun was shining, it was still cold, because it … hard for two hours.

was raining

had rained

had been raining

Choose true sentence according to the text. Homemaking…

So, after my first baby arrived, I felt for years that I had the perfect job. I was my own boss. I could work when I wanted and have a rest when I wanted. If I didn’t feel like cleaning or doing the shopping and wanted to have a day off, that was fine. Nobody else would have to be asked to cover for me, my work could wait until I was ready to do it. Oh yes, it was hard work taking care of our home and our children and the hours were long, but the work was varied and very rewarding. In fact, being a homemaker was the perfect job for me. I was absolutely happy being a housewife and mum. Watching my children thrive, witnessing their first steps, hearing their first words and all the other milestones were worth more than any amount of money.

is beneficial for the family.

is hard work with long hours.

made for a financially difficult period.

Choose true sentence according to the text. Homemaking…

So, after my first baby arrived, I felt for years that I had the perfect job. I was my own boss. I could work when I wanted and have a rest when I wanted. If I didn’t feel like cleaning or doing the shopping and wanted to have a day off, that was fine. Nobody else would have to be asked to cover for me, my work could wait until I was ready to do it. Oh yes, it was hard work taking care of our home and our children and the hours were long, but the work was varied and very rewarding. In fact, being a homemaker was the perfect job for me. I was absolutely happy being a housewife and mum. Watching my children thrive, witnessing their first steps, hearing their first words and all the other milestones were worth more than any amount of money.

made someone very happy.

was easier than combining full-time work and housework.

prevented the family from having social life.

I … for a whole hour

am waiting

was waiting

have been waiting

After they … they cleared the table.

have eaten

had eaten

eat

Fill in the gaps in the text with the correct forms of the verbs.

I’m learning Russian and l can already understand what people around me are talking about. «But I find it really difficult to speak Russian . I …. the course by the end of the year and hope I feel more confident with this language.

finished

finish

will finish

will have finished

Choose the right variant

We called our friends in London yesterday to tell them about the reunion that we ….

will plan

were planning

have planned

plan

Fill in the gaps in the text with the correct forms of the verbs.

I ….. in Novgorod for three months and I’m enjoying life here very much.

was

have been

had been

am

At the same time, remember that money is also important for you need it to survive. So, if a job is all … but no pay, things can get difficult.

satisfaction

satisfy

But if you do not enjoy what you do then you are .. … wasting a large part of your life.

foolishly

fool

A career development professional will use various tools to help you evaluate your interests, personality, … and values.

skills

skillful

He or she will then show you how all these things, combined, play a role in choosing a career. You can also learn about a career by interviewing people who are already in that profession. Once you have all the information you need, list out all the pros and cons of that particular job. Look at the various … .

alternatives

alter

The weather … hotter and hotter.

gets

has been getting

is getting

This happens because computers … to compensate for feelings of loneliness, marital and work problems, poor social life, and financial problems.

use

are used

Moreover, career choices cannot be made based on just a few criteria alone. Your job may carry great monetary …. and perks.

benefits

beneficial

I … here all my life.

have lived

have living

am living

Catherine is studying law at the university, and so …Nick.

is

were

was

does

My colleagues usually … four days a week, and tills week they … five days.

work, work

are working, work

are working, are working

I feel terrible. I think I … to be sick.

am going

go

will

WIND ENERGY

Every day you can see the wind blowing and watch all of that wasted energy just floating away. A lot of energy is thought to be (1) … and all you need to use it are a few wind turbines Currently less than 1% of the Earth’s energy needs are (2) … by wind, with Denmark being the most wind-friendly producing 23% of its own energy needs from wind. The energy produced is totally clean and also one of the (3) … around and it is able to produce (4) … 18 times more energy than is consumed in its construction, (5) … nuclear which is estimated at around five. People are often worried about the look of wind farms but what they often forget is that the land can still (6) … for farming, with only 1% of the space being taken up by the wind turbines. One of the biggest (7) … about wind turbines, is their effect on bats and birds. In Norway, nine out of ten sea eagles were killed by turbines. Bats too are a serious problem. Even the manufacturers of wind turbines are (8). concerned by the numbers of bats being. killed, prompting ongoing research.

Read the text and choose the best options to fill in the gap (8).

badly

sadly

deeply

wrongly

Long ago they … most houses out of wood.

have built

build

built

At last Kate came. I … for two hours.

am waiting

have been waiting

had been waiting

I hope Kate is coming soon. I … for two hours.

have been waiting

am waiting

had been waiting

The boy sitting next to me on the plane was nervous be¬cause he … before.

did not fly

had not flown

has not flown

Every family needs a homemaker. Whether this is the mum or dad, or part-time from both is irrelevant. In our family, we chose the traditional role for me to stay at home, but some families choose the reverse, especially if the woman has the better-paid job. We have actually experienced both since I had to work full-time when my husband was made redundant and stayed at home for a time. The days when the person staying at home to look after the house and family was thought of as being «just a housewife» have long gone, especially now that there is a role reversal and it is sometimes the man who stays home. Nowadays there is a lot of pride in being the «homemaker». It is one of the most worthwhile careers and the rewards, although not financial, are great. The family benefits from quality time from one parent all the time.

A ROLE REVERSAL

NEVER BORED

THE PERFECT JOB

MONEY OR TIME

EXHAUSTING FOR ALL

WIND ENERGY

Every day you can see the wind blowing and watch all of that wasted energy just floating away. A lot of energy is thought to be (1) … and all you need to use it are a few wind turbines Currently less than 1% of the Earth’s energy needs are (2) … by wind, with Denmark being the most wind-friendly producing 23% of its own energy needs from wind. The energy produced is totally clean and also one of the (3) … around and it is able to produce (4) … 18 times more energy than is consumed in its construction, (5) … nuclear which is estimated at around five. People are often worried about the look of wind farms but what they often forget is that the land can still (6) … for farming, with only 1% of the space being taken up by the wind turbines. One of the biggest (7) … about wind turbines, is their effect on bats and birds. In Norway, nine out of ten sea eagles were killed by turbines. Bats too are a serious problem. Even the manufacturers of wind turbines are (8). concerned by the numbers of bats being. killed, prompting ongoing research.

Read the text and choose the best options to fill in the gap (2).

distributed

hardest

supplied

HUMAN RIGHTS DAY On 10 December 1948, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which has become a (1) … standard for defending and promoting human rights. Every year on 10 December, Human Rights Day marks the adoption of the Universal Declaration which states that «Human beings are born with (2) … rights and fundamental freedoms». In 2006, Human Rights Day focused on (3) … poverty as a matter of obligation, not of charity. Poverty is (4) … by human rights violations. The links between human rights and poverty should be obvious: people whose rights are (5) … are more likely to be poor. Generally they find it harder or impossible to participate in the labour market and have little or no access to (6) … services and resources. Meanwhile, the poor in many societies cannot enjoy their rights to education, health and housing simply (7) … they cannot afford them. And poverty affects all human rights: for example, low income can prevent people from accessing education, which in turn inhibits their participation in public life and their ability to influence the policies affecting them. Governments and those in a position of authority must (8) … responsibility for dealing with poverty. The realisation of human rights — including the fight against poverty — is a duty, not a mere aspiration.

Read the text and choose the best options to fill in the gap (2).

identical

equal

same

similar

HUMAN RIGHTS DAY On 10 December 1948, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which has become a (1) … standard for defending and promoting human rights. Every year on 10 December, Human Rights Day marks the adoption of the Universal Declaration which states that «Human beings are born with (2) … rights and fundamental freedoms». In 2006, Human Rights Day focused on (3) … poverty as a matter of obligation, not of charity. Poverty is (4) … by human rights violations. The links between human rights and poverty should be obvious: people whose rights are (5) … are more likely to be poor. Generally they find it harder or impossible to participate in the labour market and have little or no access to (6) … services and resources. Meanwhile, the poor in many societies cannot enjoy their rights to education, health and housing simply (7) … they cannot afford them. And poverty affects all human rights: for example, low income can prevent people from accessing education, which in turn inhibits their participation in public life and their ability to influence the policies affecting them. Governments and those in a position of authority must (8) … responsibility for dealing with poverty. The realisation of human rights — including the fight against poverty — is a duty, not a mere aspiration.

Read the text and choose the best options to fill in the gap (3).

breaking

fighting

encouraging

saving

On 10 December 1948, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which has become a (1) … standard for defending and promoting human rights. Every year on 10 December, Human Rights Day marks the adoption of the Universal Declaration which states that «Human beings are born with (2) … rights and fundamental freedoms». In 2006, Human Rights Day focused on (3) … poverty as a matter of obligation, not of charity. Poverty is (4) … by human rights violations. The links between human rights and poverty should be obvious: people whose rights are (5) … are more likely to be poor. Generally they find it harder or impossible to participate in the labour market and have little or no access to (6) … services and resources. Meanwhile, the poor in many societies cannot enjoy their rights to education, health and housing simply (7) … they cannot afford them. And poverty affects all human rights: for example, low income can prevent people from accessing education, which in turn inhibits their participation in public life and their ability to influence the policies affecting them. Governments and those in a position of authority must (8) … responsibility for dealing with poverty. The realisation of human rights — including the fight against poverty — is a duty, not a mere aspiration.

Read the text and choose the best options to fill in the gap (4).

made

resulted

caused

led

Read the texts and match them with the headings. There is one extra title.

So, after my first baby arrived, I felt for years that I had the perfect job. I was my own boss. I could work when I wanted and have a rest when I wanted. If I didn’t feel like cleaning or doing the shopping and wanted to have a day off, that was fine. Nobody else would have to be asked to cover for me, my work could wait until I was ready to do it. Oh yes, it was hard work taking care of our home and our children and the hours were long, but the work was varied and very rewarding. In fact, being a homemaker was the perfect job for me. I was absolutely happy being a housewife and mum. Watching my children thrive, witnessing their first steps, hearing their first words and all the other milestones were worth more than any amount of money.

NEVER BORED ТО

MONEY OR TIME

THE PERFECT JOB

EXHAUSTING FOR ALL

Read the texts and match them with the headings. There is one extra title.

There were financial downsides of course to staying at home. New clothes and regular hairdos were a luxury. Social outings were those which included the family, perhaps going for a walk in the countryside, or taking a picnic. Expensive meals in restaurants were way beyond our means and out of the question. After my second child my former boss asked if I would consider returning to work. The salary would have been very welcome but there was no way anyone was going to look after my children except me, until they were old enough to go to school. Money was less important to me than my family. Besides, I would still have to pay someone to care for my children.

EXHAUSTING FOR ALL

THE PERFECT JOB

MONEY OR TIME

NEVER BORED

The internet has changed people’s life dramatically. It has allowed people from all over the world … with each other and express their ideas and opinions.

communication

to communicate

The Irish Travellers are the largest minority in Ireland. There are about 25,000 Irish Travellers in Ireland and 1,300 in Northern Ireland. They are a little understood nomadic community, who have many difficulties to overcome if they are to survive as a culture and gain acceptance into Irish society. Among the challenges facing them are poverty and racism. The Irish Travellers are a distinct ethnic group which has existed for centuries. Often they are mistakenly considered part of the nomadic Romani, an ethnic group which originated in the region of India and is now widespread throughout Europe. But the Irish Travellers are indigenous to Ireland, so the two cultures are not related. While both are nomadic, the Irish Travellers are Roman Catholic and speak a language that is theirs alone. They have their own culture, customs, traditions, and language. They are noted for their musical and storytelling abilities. In times past, they travelled by horse-drawn wagon in caravans, making camp along the way. Tinsmithing, horse trading and peddling were the major sources of income in those days. Tinsmiths were so prevalent among Irish Travellers that the terms Tinker and Irish Traveller were used interchangeably. Today, Tinker is one of many names for Irish Travellers. Horses and wagons have given way to mobile homes pulled by motor vehicles. They continue their life on the road, but there are fewer places to stop and fewer places where they are welcome. Today, Irish Travellers mainly work in re¬cycling. Changing needs of society and progress have eliminated the jobs that could support a culture on wheels. Irish Travellers are poor, undereducated, and on the receiving end of discrimination. Their life expectancy is lower than average while their infant mortality rate is higher than average. As is the case with the Romani, the Irish Travellers are seen by many as a group of immoral, ignorant criminals and con artists. People distrust their nomadic culture and their language, Shelta. Many think it’s a secret language specifically developed as a tool to help the Irish Travellers trick innocent people. But this is not true. It is an old language, which has evolved with time and circumstances. Once heavily infused with Irish Gaelic, it is now infused with English.

Read the text and complete the gap in the sentences with the words from the text.

… are the two main problems of Irish Travellers.

poverty and racism

racism and a culture

minority and poverty

a culture and acceptance

We end up more .. … than we were at the beginning.

confuse

confused

We still … life on other planets.

hadn’t discovered

won’t discover

didn’t discover

How long … you …

Since I was 17.

did drive

have driven

have been driving

We … for a walk when it … raining.

are going, will stop

will go, stops

will go, will stop

It has allowed many people to set up their own businesses. Some of these people are very young, even under the age of 18.The workplace … increasingly stressful for many people, with longer hours and polluted air in big cities.

becomes

is becoming

The internet offers other alternatives, such as working from home and online shopping. Today you … go out to buy goods or earn money.

don’t have to

haven’t to

The biggest concern about people using the internet is … addicted to it.

got

getting

The Irish Travellers are the largest minority in Ireland. There are about 25,000 Irish Travellers in Ireland and 1,300 in Northern Ireland. They are a little understood nomadic community, who have many difficulties to overcome if they are to survive as a culture and gain acceptance into Irish society. Among the challenges facing them are poverty and racism. The Irish Travellers are a distinct ethnic group which has existed for centuries. Often they are mistakenly considered part of the nomadic Romani, an ethnic group which originated in the region of India and is now widespread throughout Europe. But the Irish Travellers are indigenous to Ireland, so the two cultures are not related. While both are nomadic, the Irish Travellers are Roman Catholic and speak a language that is theirs alone. They have their own culture, customs, traditions, and language. They are noted for their musical and storytelling abilities. In times past, they travelled by horse-drawn wagon in caravans, making camp along the way. Tinsmithing, horse trading and peddling were the major sources of income in those days. Tinsmiths were so prevalent among Irish Travellers that the terms Tinker and Irish Traveller were used interchangeably. Today, Tinker is one of many names for Irish Travellers. Horses and wagons have given way to mobile homes pulled by motor vehicles. They continue their life on the road, but there are fewer places to stop and fewer places where they are welcome. Today, Irish Travellers mainly work in re¬cycling. Changing needs of society and progress have eliminated the jobs that could support a culture on wheels. Irish Travellers are poor, undereducated, and on the receiving end of discrimination. Their life expectancy is lower than average while their infant mortality rate is higher than average. As is the case with the Romani, the Irish Travellers are seen by many as a group of immoral, ignorant criminals and con artists. People distrust their nomadic culture and their language, Shelta. Many think it’s a secret language specifically developed as a tool to help the Irish Travellers trick innocent people. But this is not true. It is an old language, which has evolved with time and circumstances. Once heavily infused with Irish Gaelic, it is now infused with English.

The Irish Travellers are mistakenly taken for the nomadic Romani, another … widely spread in Europe.

ethnic group

distinct group

community

Choose true sentence according to the text. Homemaking…

Every family needs a homemaker. Whether this is the mum or dad, or part-time from both is irrelevant. In our family, we chose the traditional role for me to stay at home, but some families choose the reverse, especially if the woman has the better-paid job. We have actually experienced both since I had to work full-time when my husband was made redundant and stayed at home for a time. The days when the person staying at home to look after the house and family was thought of as being «just a housewife» have long gone, especially now that there is a role reversal and it is sometimes the man who stays home. Nowadays there is a lot of pride in being the «homemaker». It is one of the most worthwhile careers and the rewards, although not financial, are great. The family benefits from quality time from one parent all the time.

is beneficial for the family.

gave someone much freedom.

is hard work with long hours.

How long … you … Kate

had been

did know

have known

WIND ENERGY

Every day you can see the wind blowing and watch all of that wasted energy just floating away. A lot of energy is thought to be (1) … and all you need to use it are a few wind turbines Currently less than 1% of the Earth’s energy needs are (2) … by wind, with Denmark being the most wind-friendly producing 23% of its own energy needs from wind. The energy produced is totally clean and also one of the (3) … around and it is able to produce (4) … 18 times more energy than is consumed in its construction, (5) … nuclear which is estimated at around five. People are often worried about the look of wind farms but what they often forget is that the land can still (6) … for farming, with only 1% of the space being taken up by the wind turbines. One of the biggest (7) … about wind turbines, is their effect on bats and birds. In Norway, nine out of ten sea eagles were killed by turbines. Bats too are a serious problem. Even the manufacturers of wind turbines are (8). concerned by the numbers of bats being. killed, prompting ongoing research.

Read the text and choose the best options to fill in the gap (3).

selected

cheapest

easiest

Choose the right variant

The food that Ann is cooking in the kitchen … delicious.

will smell

smells

is smelling

smelt

Fill in the gaps in the text with the correct forms of the verbs.

You said you … to see me this Christmas.

will come

were coming

come

came

Choose the right variant

While Tom … a book, Marhta … TV.

was reading, was watching

read, was watching

was reading, watched

read, watched

Choose the right variant

When Mark arrived, the Johnsons … dinner, but stopped in order to talk to him.

was having

were having

had been having

had

I … to the cinema but my friend persuaded me to stay.

did not go

was going

am not going

We were good friends, we … each other for years.

had knowing

were knowing

had known

We were extremely tired at the end of the journey. We … for more than 24 hours.

were travelling

had been travelling

have travelled

She … at the parcel long enough, before she … that it was for her brother.

had been looking, understood

was looking, understood

had been looking, had understood

In a real life situation it is not easy to start speaking with a complete stranger, a person in power or a child. The internet … your age, class and looks.

hide

hides

Then, the best way to deal with the dilemma is to think about .. … a career counselor.

consulting

consult

What do you think

Yes, I do.

I think we need to target young people

A. … Pascal’s is the best restaurant. The food is delicious.

B. Yes, I agree. The food is great.

I think

What about using

Mr Albert … to meetings.

isn’t go

not go

doesn’t go

Oscar … from home.

sometimes works

sometime work

works sometimes

They … for 20 minutes when his mother came in.

had been talking

were talking

talked

We’re offering interest-free … this month for first-time buyers.

credit

stock

A. … my new camera.

B. Oh dear. I’m sorry to hear that.

I’m afraid I can’t make

I have a problem with

The office … very international.

does

are

do

is

Lunch meetings need to be very quick so I always choose a restaurant that I know will have … service.

local

efficient

This is the employees’ car park so don’t park here. Visitors … park in the visitors’ car park.

shouldn’t

have to

This is the emergency exit so we … put a desk in front of it.

don’t have to

shouldn’t

What time … it …

has happened

had happened

did happen

His grandfather … from his job a year ago.

has retired

retired

was retiring

Dessert: …

ice cream

soup

apple pie

snails

Karina is … but she lives and works in London.

Mexican

Mexico

I … my breakfast.

had

have already had

He … it for an hour before I came.

had been doing

had been done

have been doing

How about a cup of tea

OK. What is it

Yes, please.

Last night I … home at 11. I … supper and then … to bed.

came, had, went

came, have had, went 

have come, had. went

Why don’t you buy a self-study course

OK, I’ll take a look at one.

Yes, there is.

When … in Thailand

have you arrived

did you arrive

A. … credit card details, please

B. It’s a MasterCard. The number is …

What about using

Can I have your

We don’t want to spend too much time getting to the conference venue so let’s choose somewhere with a … location.

convenient

vintage

For business dinners with only five or six people, I like the … atmosphere of our local Japanese restaurant.

medium

cosy

What’s your hotel like

I’m from Italy.

From time to time.

The room is very comfortable.

We’re doing quite well.

I had a very heavy … last month but this month it isn’t too bad.

Workload

work

How’s business

Thank you very much for asking but I’m afraid I can’t make it then.

I mean three to five per cent.

I totally agree.

Help yourself.

We’re having a great year.

Yes, I have. Good to see you again

Pleased to meet you.

Can I speak to Jorge Ramos, please

OK, I’ll take a look at one.

I’m afraid he isn’t in the office today.

Will you … the bank when you go out

pass

have passed

be passing

There’s something I’d like to talk to you about.

OK. What is it

Yes, please.

… he … about the opera before

has spoken

was speaking

had spoken

I … for you for more than one hour.

have been waiting

has waited

was waiting

What did you learn from your last job

I learned how to be patient.

OK, I’ll take a look at one.

It’s raining. … you like to borrow my umbrella

Would

Can

‘The company has its head …. in London,’ he says.

‘I study English every day because I want a job there.’

a living

parent company

move

office

company

opportunities

ladder

a subsidiary

Most supermarkets offer a … scheme with reward points.

loyalty card

warehouse

The room looks very clean … you … it

Do, clean

Have, cleaned

Did, clean

She started her job last year, … April.

at

in

Fawaz makes … as an accountant.

a subsidiary

company

office

opportunities

a living

move

parent company

ladder

Tomorrow at five he … football.

plays

’11 be playing

’11 play

… you … many cities when you were in France.

have visited

are visiting

did visit

And what … now

do you do

are you doing

When I … it … yesterday.

woke up, rained

woke up, was raining

wake up, was raining

Is there a car park

OK. What is it

Yes, there is.

What day suits you?

I think we need to target young people

How about Wednesday

The company … only four people and they all work in one office.

supplies

employs

She’s a very … person – she likes to be on time.

practical

punctual

Do you like football

Yes, I do.

Yes, please

She … her work already.

has finished

finished

hasn’t finished

Now I … for a taxi.

wait

am waiting

I got a good deal when borrowed money to buy my car — I had one year’s …

after-sales guarantee

a big service

interest-free credit

Complete each gap in these short restaurant conversations.

Are there any Chinese dishes

Yes. You should … the duck.

try

recommend

enjoy

like

Main course:...

fish curry

snails

apple pie

steak

ice cream

soup

Main course: …

2-3-4-5

2-4

1-2-4-6

2-3-4

1-2-3-4-6 так ответил

3-5 так ответил крайний

1 apple pie

2 steak

3 fish curry

4 soup

5 snails

6 ice cream

Complete each gap in these short restaurant conversations.

What do you … for the main course

The beef is delicious.

like

enjoy

serve

recommend

Listen Is that Alicia playing She … play the piano very well

can

would

Give me your credit card … and I’ll send your order today

manufacturer

details

In the office, we all …English.

tell

speak

say

Right now, he works in … in Bahrain. He works hard because he wants a promotion. ‘I need more experience’ he says.

opportunities

a subsidiary

a living

ladder

move

company

We … be late for the meeting with the CEO

mightn’t

don’t have to

So when I … university, I … a job in IT.

have finished, has taken

finished, took

was finishing, was taking

My train leaves at 6:00 so I … be at the station before 5:50.

don’t need to

mustn’t

Anya: OK, it’s ten o’clock and everyone’s here. …

Mmm, I don’t know.

It might be a good idea to do both.

I suppose we could do that.

The main purpose of this meeting is to finalise our marketing strategy.

I think we should definitely have print ads.

Can we start, please

I’m afraid that’s out of the question.

Andres, what do you think

Hello, this is Darren speaking. … I help you

Can

Would

He’s hoping for a big career … : a job in the UK.

company

office

a living

parent company

a subsidiary

move

opportunities

ladder

Where are you staying

I’m here to visit my company’s head office.

I play golf.

I work flexible hours, which is great.

I’m staying at the Hilton in the town centre.

Would you like to have dinner with us next Friday evening

We’re having a great year.

Yes, I have. Good to see you again

I totally agree.

Help yourself.

Thank you very much for asking but I’m afraid I can’t make it then.

I mean three to five per cent.

Pleased to meet you.

Please take me to the city …

receipt

fax

centre

booking

… is important with big or heavy products, because you can’t take them home in your car.

After-sales service

Interest-free delivery

Free delivery

When a job comes along, I have to take advantage of the … and accept the work, even if I’m already busy.

life

environment

opportunity

lifestyle

workaholic

deadline

balance

need

Do you want a room with a bath …

Yes, please

Three

Seven o’clock

Where are you from

I’m from Italy.

From time to time.

We’re doing quite well.

The room is very comfortable.

Complete each of the questions

Travellers …

aren’t interested in staying at Yotel

don’t like the rooms

like the rooms

Five years ago, businessman Simon Woodroffe had a good idea. He was in bed in first class on an international flight when he decided to open a hotel. The bed in the aeroplane gave him an idea. He could open a hotel with rooms like the sleeping area in an aeroplane. Now travellers in some of Britain’s airports sleep in these small, low-cost rooms. The rooms are very small, only seven square metres, but they are very convenient. They are in the airport, so travellers who want only a night’s sleep and a shower can save money and travelling time. Woodroffe calls his hotel ‘Yotel’. Each room has a TV, a desk and a shower and costs £50. You can pay £70 for a bigger room that has a couch. Press a button, and the couch changes to a bed. The small rooms are very popular with travellers. Woodroffe thinks he will open more Yotels in city centres.

 Woodroffe thinks Yotel will succeed…

Outside city centres

In city centres, too

Only in airports

Five years ago, businessman Simon Woodroffe had a good idea. He was in bed in first class on an international flight when he decided to open a hotel. The bed in the aeroplane gave him an idea. He could open a hotel with rooms like the sleeping area in an aeroplane. Now travellers in some of Britain’s airports sleep in these small, low-cost rooms. The rooms are very small, only seven square metres, but they are very convenient. They are in the airport, so travellers who want only a night’s sleep and a shower can save money and travelling time. Woodroffe calls his hotel ‘Yotel’. Each room has a TV, a desk and a shower and costs £50. You can pay £70 for a bigger room that has a couch. Press a button, and the couch changes to a bed. The small rooms are very popular with travellers. Woodroffe thinks he will open more Yotels in city centres.

An important feature of the Yotel is convenience.

false

true

What do you like best about your job

We’re doing quite well.

I play golf.

I work flexible hours, which is great.

Between 40 and 50 hours.

Starter: …

1 soup

2 fish curry

3 ice cream

4 snails

5 apple pie

Anya: Lydia, what do you think

Lydia: …

It might be a good idea to do both.

Mmm, I don’t know.

I suppose we could do that.

I think we should definitely have print ads.

Can we start, please

The main purpose of this meeting is to finalise our marketing strategy.

I’m afraid that’s out of the question.

Andres, what do you think

Beatta, this is Layla.

I totally agree.

I mean three to five per cent.

Yes, I have. Good to see you again

Help yourself.

Pleased to meet you.

We’re having a great year.

Thank you very much for asking but I’m afraid I can’t make it then.

We give customers a full … if they return an unused product within 30 days.

refund

guarantee

I don’t print most e-mails because my company is trying to … waste in the office.

raise

reduce

My boss … from Sweden.

Come

Does

comes

am

I don’t like to pay … when I order something. I prefer to pay when I receive the product.

after-sales guarantee

a big deposit

free credit

Is there a direct …

fax

luggage

flight

bill

booking

What do you do in your free time

I work flexible hours, which is great.

We’re doing quite well.

I play golf.

Between 40 and 50 hours.

Five years ago, businessman Simon Woodroffe had a good idea. He was in bed in first class on an international flight when he decided to open a hotel. The bed in the aeroplane gave him an idea. He could open a hotel with rooms like the sleeping area in an aeroplane. Now travellers in some of Britain’s airports sleep in these small, low-cost rooms. The rooms are very small, only seven square metres, but they are very convenient. They are in the airport, so travellers who want only a night’s sleep and a shower can save money and travelling time. Woodroffe calls his hotel ‘Yotel’. Each room has a TV, a desk and a shower and costs £50. You can pay £70 for a bigger room that has a couch. Press a button, and the couch changes to a bed. The small rooms are very popular with travellers. Woodroffe thinks he will open more Yotels in city centres.

Yotels have …

three types of room

two types of room

one type of room

He wants to … a hotel for three nights in Taipei.

take

go

book

do

Can I have an aisle …

seat

booking

bill

luggage

My new camera has …. If it stops working, the maker will repair or replace it.

a three-year guarantee

free deposit

a big credit

A low price is important, but good … will make customers happy, even when a product breaks.

after-sales guarantee

after-sales service

free delivery

Before you get on the plane, you can … some shopping.

take

book

go

do

Complete each gap in these short conversations.

… your job

I’m Director of Advertising.

works

where

what’s

what

The company … around 40 employees.

have

does

has

do

Five years ago, businessman Simon Woodroffe had a good idea. He was in bed in first class on an international flight when he decided to open a hotel. The bed in the aeroplane gave him an idea. He could open a hotel with rooms like the sleeping area in an aeroplane. Now travellers in some of Britain’s airports sleep in these small, low-cost rooms. The rooms are very small, only seven square metres, but they are very convenient. They are in the airport, so travellers who want only a night’s sleep and a shower can save money and travelling time. Woodroffe calls his hotel ‘Yotel’. Each room has a TV, a desk and a shower and costs £50. You can pay £70 for a bigger room that has a couch. Press a button, and the couch changes to a bed. The small rooms are very popular with travellers. Woodroffe thinks he will open more Yotels in city centres.

Woodroffe had an idea when he was sleeping in an airport.

false

true

I’m checking out today. Can I have the… , please

fax

bill

luggage

booking

I … a very good meeting with Jimmy Lee in Taipei.

had

has

have

How many nights are you staying …

On Friday

Yes, please

Three

Seven o’clock

Last week, I … in Taiwan and Hong Kong.

be

will

was

Five years ago, businessman Simon Woodroffe had a good idea. He was in bed in first class on an international flight when he decided to open a hotel. The bed in the aeroplane gave him an idea. He could open a hotel with rooms like the sleeping area in an aeroplane. Now travellers in some of Britain’s airports sleep in these small, low-cost rooms. The rooms are very small, only seven square metres, but they are very convenient. They are in the airport, so travellers who want only a night’s sleep and a shower can save money and travelling time. Woodroffe calls his hotel ‘Yotel’. Each room has a TV, a desk and a shower and costs £50. You can pay £70 for a bigger room that has a couch. Press a button, and the couch changes to a bed. The small rooms are very popular with travellers. Woodroffe thinks he will open more Yotels in city centres.

His first hotels were in the United States.

false

true

Complete each gap in these short restaurant conversations.

Do you … any vegetarian dishes

Yes, we have vegetarian pizza.

serve

recommend

enjoy

like

I … some suppliers.

visits the factory and mets

visit the factory and meet

visited the factory and met

Do you meet your colleagues after work

I’m from Italy.

We’re doing quite well.

The room is very comfortable.

From time to time.

When are you leaving …

On Friday

Yes, please

Seven o’clock

Three

How much is it per night …

150€

Yes, please

On Friday

Three

What time do you think you’ll arrive …

Seven o’clock

On Friday

150€

Yes, please

Three

We … usually have any serious communication problems.

aren’t

doesn’t

don’t

isn’t

Can you give me a 10 per cent … if I buy in bulk

delivery

discount

‘I’m climbing the career … ,’ he says. ‘I want to be a manager.’

opportunities

company

ladder

parent company

a living

a subsidiary

office

move

On the flight, you can always … a movie.

watch

do

book

Five years ago, businessman Simon Woodroffe had a good idea. He was in bed in first class on an international flight when he decided to open a hotel. The bed in the aeroplane gave him an idea. He could open a hotel with rooms like the sleeping area in an aeroplane. Now travellers in some of Britain’s airports sleep in these small, low-cost rooms. The rooms are very small, only seven square metres, but they are very convenient. They are in the airport, so travellers who want only a night’s sleep and a shower can save money and travelling time. Woodroffe calls his hotel ‘Yotel’. Each room has a TV, a desk and a shower and costs £50. You can pay £70 for a bigger room that has a couch. Press a button, and the couch changes to a bed. The small rooms are very popular with travellers. Woodroffe thinks he will open more Yotels in city centres.

The Yotel showers are …

not included in the price

separate from the rooms

in the rooms

I …to Hong Kong on Thursday.

go

wents

went

I have a family and a lot of interests outside of work. Overall, my quality of … is really good.

environment

lifestyle

deadline

workaholic

balance

opportunity

life

need

Our … profit is lower this year because sales are down.

net

return

This usually happens near the end of the tax year. Fortunately, I don’t work twelve hours every day all year long – I’m not a …

environment

opportunity

balance

deadline

workaholic

need

lifestyle

life

You need to … through security before you board the plane.

do

go

book