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зад -1 А+В
Part A. Grammar
Reported Speech
Direct speech is the exact words someone
He said, “I’ll wait for you”.
said. We use quotation marks in Direct speech.
Reported speech is the exact meaning of what
He said that he would wait for me.
someone said but not the exact words. We
don’t use quotation marks in Reported speech.
Say/Tell
We use say in Direct Speech. We also use say in reported speech when say is not
followed by the person the words were spoken to. We use tell in Reported speech
when tell is followed by the person the words were spoken to.
Say good morning etc, say something, say one’s prayers, say
so
Tell the truth, tell a lie, tell a secret, tell a story, tell the time,
tell the difference, tell sb one’s name, tell sb the way, tell
one from another
Reported Statements
1 The report statement we use a reporting verb (say, tell, advise, explain, promise
etc.) followed by a that-clause. In spoken English that may be omitted.
2 Pronouns and possessive adjectives change according to the meaning.
Direct speech: He said, "I can't fix it myself."
Reported speech: He said he couldn't fix it himself.
3 Certain words change as follows:
this/these, here, come
that/those, there, go
He said that was his book. "This is my book," he said.
4 When the reporting verb is in the Past the verb tenses change as follows:
в+
Part B. Subject area: “People and Society”
Topic vocabulary in contrast
relationship / connection
support/assist
company/group
blame/fault
kind / polite
popular /famous
old / ancient
sympathetic / likeable
typical / usual / ordinary
crowd / audience
nervous / bad-tempered
close /near
enjoy / please
sensitive/sensible
unknown / infamous
Phrasal verbs
Ask for news about
look after a child until he or she becomes an adult
Fall in love with
fall out (with)
have an argument with and stop being friends
get on (with)
have a good relationship (with)
become older
look down on
think that you are better than
look up to
Admire and respect
become friends again after an argument
pass away
Die
keep treating someone badly or unfairly
criticise, make someone feel stupid
settle down
become calm after being upset, etc; stay in one place or
get married and live quietly
stand up for
support in an argument or fight
take aback
surprise (usually in passive voice)
Phrases and collocations
show/give (your) approval of/for sth; meet with sb's
approval
have an argument (with sb) (about sth/doing); win/lose
an argument
take care (of sth/sb);care for/about sth/sb
зад 2- А
Part A. Grammar
Reported Speech
Direct speech is the exact words someone said. We
He said, “I’ll wait for you”.
use quotation marks in Direct speech.
Reported speech is the exact meaning of what
He said that he would wait for
someone said but not the exact words. We don’t use
me.
quotation marks in Reported speech.
Say/Tell
We use say in Direct Speech. We also use say in reported speech when say is not
followed by the person the words were spoken to. We use tell in Reported speech
when tell is followed by the person the words were spoken to.
Say good morning etc, say something, say one’s prayers, say
so
Tell the truth, tell a lie, tell a secret, tell a story, tell the time,
tell the difference, tell sb one’s name, tell sb the way, tell
one from another
Reported Statements
1 The report statement we use a reporting verb (say, tell, advise, explain, promise
etc.) followed by a that-clause. In spoken English that may be omitted.
2 Pronouns and possessive adjectives change according to the meaning.
Direct speech: He said, "I can't fix it myself."
Reported speech: He said he couldn't fix it himself.
3 Certain words change as follows:
this/these, here, come
that/those, there, go
He said that was his book. "This is my book," he said.
4 When the reporting verb is in the Past the verb tenses change as follows:
зад 2-В
Part B. Subject area: “Work and Business”
Topic vocabulary in contrast
employer / employee
wage(s)/salary/pay
overtime /
promotion / pension
job/work/career
commute / deliver
company / firm / business
earn / win / gain
retire/resign
union / charity
Phrasal verbs
decide not to do sth you agreed to do
produce and start to sell a new product
close down
stop operating (for companies)
see through (to)
continue (or help to continue) to the end of sth
unpleasant or difficult
deal with
start doing sth in a determined or enthusiastic way
start working on sth in order to achieve an aim
start (a business, organisation, etc
slow down
decrease speed
increase speed
stand in for
do sb's job for them while they are not available
start to employ; accept (work or responsibility)
take control of (a business, etc)
turn down
not accept (an offer, request, etc)
Phrases and collocations
agreement
come to/reach (an) agreement (on/about sth); in
agreement (on/about/with) sth
arrangement
make an arrangement (with/for sb) (to do); have an
arrangement (with sb) (to do)
do business (with sb); in business; go somewhere on
business; business trip; small business; big business
have/make a complaint (about sth) (to sb); letter of
complaint (to sb) (about sth)
