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MARY OF SCOTS

Mary Queen of Scots or Mary Stuart was the daughter of James V of Scotland. She was born on the 8th December 1542, a week before her father died at the Battle of Solway Moss. So, Mary became queen when she was one week old. She had been brought up in France and in 1558 she married the first son of the King of France but after two years her husband died and she returned to Scotland in 1561 and lived in Holyrood House. She was a strong Catholic in the country that was becoming more and more Protestant.

All her life Mary Stuart was involved in religious and political struggle. She made many mistakes in her life. The first and the most important mistake was her marriage to Henry Lord Darnley in 1565, and next year she had a baby, named James. Lord Darnley became suspicious of Mary's Italian secretary and murdered him at Hohwood House in 1566. It was one of the most famous murders in Scottish history. The spot where this took place can still be seen today.

A year later some men started a fire in Darnley's house. He ran outside and the men killed him in the garden. Mary agreed to his murder and soon she married the murderer Lord Bothwell. It was a shock to Scottish society. She decided to save herself in England but she was captured and imprisoned there in 1568 and was held there for nineteen years by her cousin Elizabeth I, Queen of England.

Elizabeth was Protestant and she did not want a Catholic queen in Scotland. She ordered that Mary should be put to death. Mary was beheaded on the 8th February 1587.

In 1603 Elizabeth died. She had no children, so Mary's son James became King of Scotland and England.