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Текст

The Bells of the Old Baily 

In 1834 the Central Criminal Court was set up by statute, as the Court in which the Commissioners were to do their work. Since that time the proceedings held at the Sessions House were those of the Cen tral Criminal Court. By the Judicature Act of 1875 the Central Criminal Court was constituted part of the High Court of Justice. Its jurisdiction has been subsequently extended and now covers indictable offences com mitted within the City of London, the counties of London and Middlesex, and much of the surrounding country-side. 

The Court must sit for at least twelve sessions in the year, and each session lasts for nearly a month. The vacations observed by the civil side of the Supreme Court have no place here. At the beginning of each session the list of persons commis sioned to hear cases is read out. The persons so commissioned are the Lord Mayor of London, the Lord Chancellor, all the judges of the High Court and certain other persons. The majority of the work is done by the three officials together with one or more special commis sioners. But on the third day of each session a professional judge sits to try the most serious cases. 

There is a tendency towards a more humane administration of the criminal law. For many years the reform in the punishment of offences has been accompanied by a trend towards a more satis factory trial of accused prisoners before they are convicted. But the old traditions die hard, and judges and advocates who had been trained in the older school at the Old Bailey survived the formal changes.