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CIVIL SERVICE
The term civil service can refer to either: a) a branch of governmental service in which individuals
are employed on the basis of professional merit as proven by competitive examinations, or b) the body of
employees in any government agency other than the military.
A civil servant or public servant is a person in the public sector employed for a government
department or agency. The extent of civil servants of a state as part of the «Civil Service» varies from
country to country. In the United Kingdom, for instance, only Crown employees are referred to as civil
servants whereas county or city employees are not.
Many consider the study of civil service to be a part of the field of public administration. Workers in
«non-departmental public bodies» (sometimes called «QUANGOs») may also be classed as civil servants
for the purpose of statistics and possibly for their terms and conditions. Collectively a state's civil
servants form its Civil Service or Public Service.
An international civil servant or international staff member is a civilian employee that is
employed by an international organization. These international civil servants do not resort under any
national legislation (from which they have immunity of jurisdiction) but are governed by an internal staff
regulation. All disputes related to international civil service are brought before special tribunals created
by these international organizations such as, for instance, the Administrative Tribunal of the ILO.
Specific referral can be made to the International Civil Service Commission (ICSC) of the United
Nations, an independent expert body established by the United Nations General Assembly. Its mandate is
to regulate and coordinate the conditions of service of staff in the United Nations common system, while
promoting and maintaining high standards in the international civil service.