Курсовая работа

1 задание

1) The science dealing with the industrial methods of producing metals is called metallurgy; the corresponding works are called metallurgical works, and the industry is called the metallurgical industry, or, simply, metallurgy.

2) Metallurgy is divided into ferrous and non- ferrous: that which is concerned with iron and its alloys, and that which is concerned with non- ferrous metals.

3) Ferrous metallurgy is a branch of heavy industry, uniting technologically and organizationally enterprises for the enrichment of ore and nonmetallic raw materials, for the production of refractories, products of the coke-chemical industry, cast iron, steel, rolled products, ferroalloys, steel and cast iron pipes, as well as redistribution products (rail fasteners), white tin, galvanized iron), ferrous metal powders [1]. The main raw materials for the production of ferrous metals are iron ore, coking coal and alloy metal ores.

4) The non-ferrous metals, in turn, are subdivided according to their properties into light, heavy, noble, rare (including radioactive), etc. The light metals are titanium, aluminium, magnesium, the alkaline earth and the alkali metals; the heavy: copper, lead, nickel, zink, and tin, and the noble metals; gold, silver, and the metals of the platinum group.

5) The most important stage of metallurgical production is the extraction of the metal or alloy from its compound by chemical techniques. This stage requires the preliminary preparation of the ore; for example lump ores are grouds, while dustotes are baked.

6) The final stage in several types of metallurgical production is the treatment of the resulting metal by pressure or casting, thermal treatment, etc.

7) The science of metallurgy is concerned with all these stages of the production process and draws upon the findings of chemistry and physics, mineralogy, geology, and other natural sciences.