АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

Лексико-грамматический анализ текста
MANAGEMENT
I. Read the text and get ready to discuss it
A. What Is Management?
Managers are an important group involved in business activity. It is difficult to
define exactly what is meant by ‘management’. However, many agree that managers
are responsible for getting things done -usually through other people. The term
manager may refer to a number of different people within a business. Some job titles
include the word manager’
, such as personnel manager or managing director. Other
job holders may also be managers, even though their titles do not say it. It could be
argued that managers:
• act on behalf of the owners - in a company senior management are
accountable to the shareholders;
• set objectives for the organisation, for example, they may decide that a long
term objective is to have a greater market share than all of the companys
competitors;
• make sure mat a business achieves its objectives by managing others;
• ensure that corporate values (the values of the organisation) are maintained
in dealings with other businesses, customers, employees and general public.
B. The Functions of Management
Henri Fayol, the French management theorist working in the early part of last
century, listed a number of functions or elements of management.
Planning,
This involves setting objectives and also the strategies, policies, programmes
and procedures for achieving them. Planning might be done by line managers, who
will be responsible for performance. However, advice on planning may also come
from staff management who might have expertise in that area, even if they have no
line authority. For example, a production manager may carry out human, resource
planning in the production department, but use the skills of the personnel manager in
planning recruitment for vacancies that may arise.Organising
Managers set tasks which need to be performed if the business is to achieve its
objectives. Jobs nerd to be organised within sections or departments and authority
needs to be delegated so that jobs are carried out. For example, the goal of a
manufacturing company may be to produce quality goods that will be delivered to
customers on time. The tasks, such as manufacturing, packaging, administration, etc,
that are part of producing and distributing the goods, need to be organised to achieve
this goal.
Commanding
This involves giving instructions to subordinates to carry out tasks. The
manager has the authority to make decisions and the responsibility to see tasks are
carried out.
Co-ordinating
This is the bringing together of the activities of people within the business.
Individuals and groups will have their own goals, which may be different to those of
the business and each other. Management must make sure that there is a common
approach, so that the companys goals are achieved.
Controlling
Managers measure and correct the activities of individuals and groups to make
sure that their performance fits in with plans.
(Dave Kail, Rob Jones, Carlo Raffo. Business Studies. Изд-во Causeway
Press, 1994)
II Vocabulary Notes
1. getting things done - зд, чтобы работа выполнялась
2. job holder(s) - руководители
3. It could be argued [‘
a:gju:d] that - зд. Считается, что ...
4. market [‘
ma:kit] share [∫e∂] - доля в торговле (рынке)
5. make sure [∫u∂] that - зд. добиваться, чтобы
6. ensure [in’∫u∂] that - зд. обеспечивать (добиваться)
7. corporate [‘ko:p∂rit] value (s) - зд. общий авторитет
(организации)
8. general public - зд. общественность, общество
9. in the early part of last century - в начале прошлого века
10. quality [‘kwoliti] goods - качестве